ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2023
Transdermal Delivery of Estradiol Simultaneously Possessing Rapid Release and Sustained Release Effect.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Hydrogel-Based Microneedles for Bioactive Release.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dissolving microneedle (DMN) has been researched as a drug delivery technology that improves drug molecule transportation through the skin with little discomfort. However, the sluggish drug absorption, poor skin dissolution, and lengthy time lags of DMN have limited its potential uses. The aim of this study was to design a novel DMN system for the administration of the poorly water-soluble drug, estradiol (E2), with fast skin penetration and a stable release rate for a long time. DMN containing E2 emulsion (E2-EM-DMN) and traditional DMN (T-DMN) were prepared. Rat skin was used for penetration test and guinea pig skin was used for skin irritation experiment. The drug release profiles and stability properties of these two kinds of DMNs were also investigated. High performance liquid chromatography was employed to determine the E2 content in DMN. The E2 concentration in rat plasma was achieved by a newly developed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method that was fast, reproducible, and specific. The height of E2-EM-DMN and T-DMN was 600 μm. The drug loading of the E2-EM-DMN and T-DMN was 667.30 ± 7.21 μg/patch and 672.56 ± 6.98 μg/patch. E2-EM-DMN possessed enough mechanical strength to penetrate the skin and caused no irritation to the skin. E2-EM-DMN could release the drug more rapidly and more continuously than T-DMN. E2-EM-DMN had good pharmaceutical stability. In summary, the E2-EM-DMN showed reliable quality and superior release performance. Emulsion-embedded DMN is an ideal transdermal delivery system for drugs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.