ReviewNPJ breast cancer2023
Rare subtypes of triple negative breast cancer: Current understanding and future directions.
Review in NPJ breast cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary acinic cell carcinoma of the breast: insights from a nine-case series and comprehensive literature review.Diagnostic pathology · 2026Review
- Macrophage Membrane-Engineered Biomimetic Nanoplatform Enables Immune Evasion and Immunomodulation for Enhanced Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Subtype-Independent Activation of NF-κB Signaling in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting hORAI1-Mediated Calcium Influx in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Computational Drug Discovery Approach.The Journal of membrane biology · 2026Article
- Multi-omics profiling uncovers immune-molecular clusters with distinct chemo-immunotherapeutic vulnerabilities in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Signalling Pathways and Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Current Progress.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- The 19th St. Gallen international breast cancer conference 'primary therapy of patients with early breast cancer. Evidence, controversies, consensus': key moments and breakthroughs.Ecancermedicalscience · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes and Treatment-Related Complications in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of 24 Case Reports from 2020 to 2025.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2026Review
- Subtype-Independent Dysregulation of the Notch Signaling Pathway and Its miRNA Regulators in Breast Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Multi-Level Profiling of MAPK-Associated Genes and MicroRNAs Uncovers Regulatory Networks in Breast Cancer Subtypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The role of AI for improved management of breast cancer: Enhanced diagnosis and health disparity mitigation.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine · 2025Review
- Worse survival despite indolent features for triple-negative invasive lobular carcinoma: a Swedish nationwide registry-based study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Proteomics characterization of triple-negative apocrine carcinoma reveals molecular features of progression and chemotherapy response.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Seven Shades of Triple Negativity: A Review Unveiling the Low-Grade Spectrum of Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Article
- Triple-Negative Apocrine Carcinoma: Largest Cohort Highlights Unique Biology and Survival Advantage.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Breast carcinomas associated with microglandular adenosis are linked to germline alterations in homologous recombination-deficiency genes.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Triple-Negative Metaplastic Breast Cancer Ameliorated Following KEYNOTE-522: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Subtype-specific dysregulation of biogenic amine-related genes and miRNAs in breast cancer: identification of DRD2, HRH2, and HRH4 as potential therapeutic targets in TNBC and HER2+ subtypes.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Impact of MiRNAs on Wnt-related gene activity in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rare subtypes of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a heterogenous group of tumors, comprising 5-10% of all TNBCs. Despite accounting for an absolute number of cases in aggregate approaching that of other less common, but well studied solid tumors, rare subtypes of triple-negative disease remain understudied. Low prevalence, diagnostic challenges and overlapping diagnoses have hindered consistent categorization of these breast cancers. Here we review epidemiology, histology and clinical and molecular characteristics of metaplastic, triple-negative lobular, apocrine, adenoid cystic, secretory and high-grade neuroendocrine TNBCs. Medullary pattern invasive ductal carcinoma no special type, which until recently was a considered a distinct subtype, is also discussed. With this background, we review how applying biological principals often applied to study TNBC no special type could improve our understanding of rare TNBCs. These could include the utilization of targeted molecular approaches or disease agnostic tools such as tumor mutational burden or germline mutation-directed treatments. Burgeoning data also suggest that pathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy and circulating tumor DNA have value in understanding rare subtypes of TNBC. Finally, we discuss a framework for advancing disease-specific knowledge in this space. While the conduct of randomized trials in rare TNBC subtypes has been challenging, re-envisioning trial design and technologic tools may offer new opportunities. These include embedding rare TNBC subtypes in umbrella studies of rare tumors, retrospective review of contemporary trials, prospective identification of patients with rare TNBC subtypes entering on clinical trials and querying big data for outcomes of patients with rare breast tumors.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.