HIV Criminalization Laws and Enforcement: Assessing the Relationship Between HIV Criminalization at the State Level, Policing at the County Level, and County-level HIV Incidence Rates.

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in AIDS and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

The Association of HIV Criminalization Law and Disparities in Transplant Education among People with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jessica M KeralisDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, 4200 Valley Dr, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. jkeralis@umd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-180X

University of Maryland, College Park · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The U.S. HIV epidemic disproportionately affects Black and Hispanic communities via ecosocial determinants of excess HIV risk, including HIV criminalization laws and overpolicing. This study used multilevel modeling to test the hypothesis that HIV criminalization laws are associated with higher county HIV incidence, and that this effect is modified by heavier county-level policing. County-level HIV incidence data from 2010 to 2019 were merged with county-level demographic, socioeconomic, and jailed population rate data for counties with stable HIV incidence rates (rates generated from a numerator of at least 12) for > 5 years. Multivariable multilevel (hierarchical) models for count-rate data were fitted, with years nested inside counties, and counties nested within states. An HIV criminalization law was associated with higher countywide HIV incidence rate for the general, Black, and Hispanic populations (aRR = 1.14, 1.30, and 1.32, respectively). This association was modified by an increased county jailed population rate for the general and Black populations.

Indexed as

Criminal LawHIV InfectionsLaw EnforcementAdultBlack or African AmericanFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansIncidenceMaleUnited StatesEcosocial theoryHierarchical modelingHIV criminalizationMultilevel modelingOverpolicing

Identifiers

PMID37351686

DOI10.1086/597102

OpenAlexW4381716116

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.