SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2024
Long-Acting Injectable Second-Generation Antipsychotics vs Placebo and Their Oral Formulations in Acute Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled-Trials.
Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Claims Data-Based Comparison of Treatment Continuation between Aripiprazole Once-monthly and Paliperidone Palmitate in Routine Practice.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- The Role of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in the Early Treatment of Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Olanzapine Long-acting Injection in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Second-Generation Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics: A Comprehensive Assessment of Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Perception and willingness toward second-generation long-acting antipsychotics among patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional survey in Fujian, China.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Understanding long-acting injectables in the context of treatment planning for schizophrenia: crafting a strategy.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Differentiating aspects of oral and long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs for tailoring the therapy of schizophrenia in clinical practice: a narrative review.International clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in Adolescents: From Current Evidence and Gaps to Clinical Practice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Long-Acting Injectable vs. Oral Antipsychotics: A Naturalistic Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Use and Discontinuation Rates in Children and Adolescents With Schizophrenia Using Medicaid Claims Data.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A multidimensional assessment of adverse events associated with paliperidone palmitate: a real-world pharmacovigilance study using the FAERS and JADER databases.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Attitudes Driving Regional Differences in Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Utilization for Schizophrenia among Healthcare Professionals, Patients, and Caregivers (ADVANCE): Results from a Multinational Survey Study.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- Gender-stratified 9-month comparison of paliperidone extended-release tablets and paliperidone palmitate injection in schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Serum Apolipoprotein B Levels and Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A1 Ratio as Predictors of Dyslipidemia Risk in Patients Treated with Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy: A literature review.World journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background and hypothesisLong-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs (LAIs) are mainly used for relapse prevention but could also be advantageous for acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. STUDY
designWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled-trials (RCTs) comparing the second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics (SGA-LAIs) olanzapine, risperidone, paliperidone, and aripiprazole with placebo or their oral counterparts in acutely ill patients with schizophrenia. We analyzed 23 efficacy and tolerability outcomes, with the primary outcome being overall symptoms of schizophrenia. The results were obtained through random effects, pairwise meta-analyses, and subgroup tests. The study quality was assessed using the Cochrane-Risk-of-Bias-Tool version-1. STUDY
resultsSixty-six studies with 16 457 participants were included in the analysis. Eleven studies compared second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics (SGA-LAIs) with a placebo, 54 compared second-generation oral antipsychotics (SGA-orals) with a placebo, and one compared an SGA-LAI (aripiprazole) with its oral formulation. All 4 SGA-LAIs reduced overall symptoms more than placebo, with mean standardized differences of -0.66 (95% CI: -0.90; -0.43) for olanzapine, -0.64 (-0.80; -0.48) for aripiprazole, -0.62 (-0.76; -0.48) for risperidone and -0.42 (-0.53; -0.31) for paliperidone. The side-effect profiles of the LAIs corresponded to the patterns known from the oral formulations. In subgroup tests compared to placebo, some side effects were less pronounced under LAIs than under their oral formulations.
conclusionsSGA-LAIs effectively treat acute schizophrenia. Some side effects may be less frequent than under oral drugs, but due to the indirect nature of the comparisons, this finding must be confirmed by RCTs comparing LAIs and orals head-to-head.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.