ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2023
Rapid urine screening for ethyl glucuronide from pregnant women as a tool for detecting prenatal alcohol exposure.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04571463 (Etyyliglukuronidin Esiintyminen Virtsassa äitiysneuvola- ja äitiyspoliklinikkakäyntien yhteydessä HUS), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Etyyliglukuronidin Esiintyminen Virtsassa äitiysneuvola- ja äitiyspoliklinikkakäyntien yhteydessä HUS:n ja PHHYKY:n Alueella
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does a Biochemical Approach Facilitate the Diagnosis of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Neonatal Period?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Anonymous Diaper-Based Meconium Collection for Ethyl Glucuronide Analysis: A Pilot Feasibility Study.Toxics · 2026Article
- Alcohol Use among Young Women in Kampala City: Comparing Self-Reported Survey Data with Presence of Urinary Ethyl Glucuronide Metabolite.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Screening of substance use in pregnancy: A Danish cross-sectional study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn increasing prevalence of alcohol consumption is a major public health problem, which has also led to an increasing number of children who have been prenatally exposed to the toxic effects of ethanol. However, obtaining reliable information on prenatal alcohol exposure through maternal self-reports has proved difficult.
aimsOur aim was to evaluate the potential for rapid screening test for measuring ethyl glucuronide (EtG), a specific alcohol metabolite, from urine samples of pregnant women.
methodsFive hundred five urine samples of pregnant women were collected anonymously from five prenatal units in two Finnish cities: a tertiary specialist antenatal clinic for pregnant women with problematic substance use (HAL), a regular hospital antenatal clinic (LCH = Lahti Central Hospital), a prenatal screening unit and two community maternity clinics (USR = user self-recruiting units). All samples were screened using rapid EtG test strips, and all positive, uncertain, and randomly selected negative samples were confirmed by quantitative analyses. The samples were also screened for cotinine and use of cannabis.
resultsIn this material an EtG cut-off of 300 ng/mL suggesting heavy alcohol drinking was exceeded by 7.4% (5/68) of the samples in the HAL clinic, 1.9% (4/202) in LCH, and 0.9% (2/225) in USR. A cut-off of 100 ng/mL was exceeded by 17.6% (12/68) of samples from HAL, 7.5% (16/212) from LCH, and 6.7% (15/225) from USR. Based on confirmatory quantitative analyses, there were no false negatives nor false positives in rapid EtG screening. However, 57 (11.3%) of test results were classified as uncertain. In these cases, confirmation by quantitative analyses resulted in 56.1% rate of positive values. 73% of the samples with EtG > 300 ng/mL showed positive cotinine results suggesting smoking co-occurring with alcohol intake.
conclusionsRapid EtG tests may be an easy and inexpensive method, which may improve the possibilities for screening alcohol use among pregnant women during routine prenatal visits. Quantitative EtG analyses are recommended to confirm screening positive and uncertain cases.
trial registrationNCT04571463 Date of Registration 11/05/2020.
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