Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37349566›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2023

Detection and Identification of an Unknown Impurity in Ephedrine HCl 5 mg/mL Cyclic Olefin Syringes: Formulation Development.

Ellen A Kok, Daphne den Besten-Bertholee, Stefan van Berkel, Karin H M Larmené-Beld

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ellen A KokUnit of Pharmacotherapy, -Epidemiology, and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Daphne den Besten-BertholeeDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB, Zwolle, Overijssel, the Netherlands.
Stefan van BerkelDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB, Zwolle, Overijssel, the Netherlands.
Karin H M Larmené-BeldDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Isala Hospital, 8025 AB, Zwolle, Overijssel, the Netherlands. k.h.m.beld@isala.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-586X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An unknown impurity was detected in in-house prepared ephedrine hydrochloride (HCl) 5 mg/mL prefilled sterilized syringes when applying a stability-indicating British Pharmacopoeia 2018 impurity method for ephedrine injection. Ultraviolet, chromatographic, mass spectral, and physicochemical methods were combined to identify the unknown impurity. The unknown impurity was identified as methcathinone, which is generated from ephedrine drug substance through an oxidation reaction. A formulation study, in which different process adjustments were tested, was carried out to reduce the amount of unknown impurity. Nitrogen gassing in combination with 0.05 M citrate buffer addition proved to be the most potent process adjustment in reducing methcathinone formation in ephedrine HCl 5 mg/mL prefilled sterilized syringes after 4 months of storage in the dark at room temperature (20 °C ± 5 °C). More detailed research on the long-term stability of the reformulated ephedrine HCl drug product is currently underway, with promising results for up to 9 months gathered already.

Indexed as

CycloparaffinsPropiophenonesDrug StabilityEphedrineSyringesCycloparaffinsEphedrinemonomethylpropionPropiophenonesephedrine hydrochlorideformulationmethcathinoneprefilled sterilized syringesstability

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.