ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2023
Validation of the orthopedic frailty score for measuring frailty in hip fracture patients: a cohort study based on the United States National inpatient sample.
Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing Frailty and Traditional Risk Models in Predicting 6-Month Mortality After Hip Fracture in Older Adults: A Retrospective Study from a Single Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between Depression and Increased Odds of Inpatient Mortality Following Hip Fracture Repair.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Predictors of 1-year mortality in a clinical cohort of hip fracture patients.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between frailty and nonunion fractures in upper extremity injuries: insights from the national inpatient sample.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Frailty in Geriatrics: A Critical Review with Content Analysis of Instruments, Overlapping Constructs, and Challenges in Diagnosis and Prognostic Precision.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Predictive ability of frailty scores in surgically managed patients with traumatic spinal injuries: a TQIP analysis.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2025Article
- Frailty is a predictor of immediate postoperative complications following surgical management of knee dislocations.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Frailty Scores for Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Hip Fracture Patients: Insights from the United States National Inpatient Sample.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Prioritizing patients for hip fracture surgery: the role of frailty and cardiac risk.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Article
- Investigating the link between frailty and outcomes in geriatric patients with isolated rib fractures.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Orthopedic Frailty Score (OFS) has been proposed as a tool for measuring frailty in order to predict short-term postoperative mortality in hip fracture patients. This study aims to validate the OFS using a large national patient register to determine its relationship with adverse outcomes as well as length of stay and cost of hospital stay.
methodsAll adult patients (18 years or older) registered in the 2019 National Inpatient Sample Database who underwent emergency hip fracture surgery following a traumatic fall were eligible for inclusion. The association between the OFS and mortality, complications, and failure-to-rescue (FTR) was determined using Poisson regression models adjusted for potential confounders. The relationship between the OFS and length of stay and cost of hospital stay was instead determined using a quantile regression model.
resultsAn estimated 227,850 cases met the study inclusion criteria. There was a stepwise increase in the rate of complications, mortality, and FTR for each additional point on the OFS. After adjusting for potential confounding, OFS 4 was associated with an almost ten-fold increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality [adjusted IRR (95% CI): 10.6 (4.02-27.7), p < 0.001], a 38% increased risk of complications [adjusted IRR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.03-1.85), p = 0.032], and an almost 11-fold increase in the risk of FTR [adjusted IRR (95% CI): 11.6 (4.36-30.9), p < 0.001], compared to OFS 0. Patients with OFS 4 also required a day and a half additional care [change in median length of stay (95% CI): 1.52 (0.97-2.08), p < 0.001] as well as cost approximately $5,200 more to manage [change in median cost of stay (95% CI): 5166 (1921-8411), p = 0.002], compared to those with OFS 0.
conclusionPatients with an elevated OFS display a substantially increased risk of mortality, complications, and failure-to-rescue as well as a prolonged and more costly hospital stay.
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