ArticleNature communications2023
Thermally trainable dual network hydrogels.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trainable Hydrogels: Mechanistic Principles, Training Strategies, and Frontier Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Supramolecular polymers with water-triggered dense domains enabling mechanical robustness programmability and weather resistance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Biomass-Derived Hydrogels for Load-Bearing Connective Tissue Repair: Integrative Reinforcement, Bio-Functional Design, and Emerging Pathways Toward Clinical Translation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Smart responsive hydrogels combined with AI design for tumor therapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Elasticity-gated thermal plasticity via superheating-mediated nucleation and growth in polymer networks.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tough asymmetric thermochromic ionogels via dynamic in situ phase separation for dual-modal smart optical switching.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Molecular clustering unlocks high-performance hydrovoltaics across temperatures from -35 °C to 80 °C.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Impact of dynamic bond strength on the training of liquid crystal elastomers.Chemical science · 2026Article
- A review on thermoresponsive PNIPAM hydrogels for regenerative medicine: from mechanical design to tissue adhesion.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Highly Sensitive MXene/MMT-Based Hydrogel for Wearable Sensors and Flexible Supercapacitors.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Octopus-Inspired Self-Adaptive Hydrogel Gripper Capable of Manipulating Ultra-Soft Objects.Nano-micro letters · 2025Article
- Light-stimulated smart thermo-responsive constructs for enhanced wound healing: A streamlined command approach.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Microstructured thermo-responsive double network granular hydrogels.Materials advances · 2025Article
- Steady Shear Rheology of Suspensions of Mixtures of Starch Nanoparticles and Cellulose Nanocrystals.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Embedded Physical Intelligence in Liquid Crystalline Polymer Actuators and Robots.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Mimosa-Inspired Body Temperature-Responsive Shape Memory Polymer Networks: High Energy Densities and Multi-Recyclability.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Exploring the programmability of autocatalytic chemical reaction networks.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Microgels for Cell Delivery in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.Nano-micro letters · 2024Review
- A bionic mimosa soft robot based on a multi-responsive PNIPAM-PEGDA hydrogel composition.Biomicrofluidics · 2024Article
- Self-regulated reversal deformation and locomotion of structurally homogenous hydrogels subjected to constant light illumination.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inspired by biological systems, trainable responsive materials have received burgeoning research interests for future adaptive and intelligent material systems. However, the trainable materials to date typically cannot perform active work, and the training allows only one direction of functionality change. Here, we demonstrate thermally trainable hydrogel systems consisting of two thermoresponsive polymers, where the volumetric response of the system upon phase transitions enhances or decreases through a training process above certain threshold temperature. Positive or negative training of the thermally induced deformations can be achieved, depending on the network design. Importantly, softening, stiffening, or toughening of the hydrogel can be achieved by the training process. We demonstrate trainable hydrogel actuators capable of performing increased active work or implementing an initially impossible task. The reported dual network hydrogels provide a new training strategy that can be leveraged for bio-inspired soft systems such as adaptive artificial muscles or soft robotics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.