ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Immune-related adverse effects of checkpoint immunotherapy and implications for the treatment of patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-related adverse events are associated with favorable clinical outcomes in esophageal cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- B Cells and Tumor Immunometabolism: Emerging Insights into Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Resistance.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular Architecture and Clinical Landscape of Immune Checkpoint Receptors and Ligands.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: translational mechanisms, dynamic biomarkers, clinically actionable combination strategies, and comparative checkpoint biology.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Small molecule inhibitor of orphan GPCR dimerization improves host defense and blood pressure control in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Pembrolizumab-Associated Serositis With Recurrent Pleural Effusions Successfully Treated With Anakinra.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Troponin T/I discordance in immune checkpoint inhibitor myositis in a patient with ischaemic cardiac disease: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Role of tumor microenvironment in regulator of tumor progression and immunotherapy.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Editorial: Advances in antigen-specific immunotherapies for autoimmune disease management.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Imaging Immunotherapy.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Inflammation Chronification: Gene and Epigenetic Regulation of Intolerant Response (Trained Immunity).Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Increased reporting of interstitial pneumonitis with combined EGFR-TKI and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy in NSCLC: a pharmacovigilance analysis of 67,818 reports.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Immune-related adverse events and clinical outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: does more toxicity predict better outcomes?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Article
- Breaking Barriers: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Breast Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- BTLA: An Emerging Immune Checkpoint Target in Cancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- 2240 nm NIR-IV Photodynamic Therapy Can Reverse Ineffective Anti-OX40 Cancer Immunotherapy to Become Effective.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During the past decade, there has been a revolution in cancer therapeutics by the emergence of antibody-based immunotherapies that modulate immune responses against tumors. These therapies have offered treatment options to patients who are no longer responding to classic anti-cancer therapies. By blocking inhibitory signals mediated by surface receptors that are naturally upregulated during activation of antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T cells, predominantly PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1, as well as CTLA-4, such blocking agents have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, breaking these inhibitory signals cannot be selectively targeted to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Since the physiologic role of these inhibitory receptors, known as immune checkpoints (IC) is to maintain peripheral tolerance by preventing the activation of autoreactive immune cells, IC inhibitors (ICI) induce multiple types of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). These irAEs, together with the natural properties of ICs as gatekeepers of self-tolerance, have precluded the use of ICI in patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases (ADs). However, currently accumulating data indicates that ICI might be safely administered to such patients. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of well established and newly recognized irAEs and evolving knowledge from the application of ICI therapies in patients with cancer and pre-existing ADs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.