ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2023
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and incidence of microvascular complications of diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is MASLD an independent risk factor for micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes? A critical reappraisal and future directions.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Smoking Cessation Duration and Diabetic Microvascular Complications.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between free triiodothyronine, resting metabolic rate, systemic immune-inflammation index levels and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients with euthyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of Change, Fluctuation, or Variability in Weight on the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Health science reports · 2025Article
- A prospective study on the role of non-invasive tests in the evaluation of diabetes mellitus associated steatotic liver disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between fatty liver disease and risk of microvascular complications in Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Association between liver fibrosis's noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Exploring the hepatic-ophthalmic axis through immune modulation and cellular dynamics in diabetic retinopathy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Association between steatotic liver disease and microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study in the UK Biobank.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Retinopathy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-Based Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM); Current Progress and Future Approaches.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Review
- Clinical Evidence of the Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase and Diabetic Kidney Disease.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- TG: A Mediator of the Relationship of Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Vitamin E and Pioglitazone: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Their Efficacy in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Cureus · 2023Review
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13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver enzymes with the incidence of microvascular complications (neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy) in a cohort of Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: For a total population of 3123 patients with type 2 diabetes, a prospective study was designed for 1215 patients with NAFLD and 1908 gender and age-matched control patients without NAFLD. The two groups were followed for a median duration of 5 years for the incidence of microvascular complications. The association between having NAFLD, the level of liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) value, and the incidence risk of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy were assessed through logistic regression analysis. Results: NAFLD was found to be associated with incidence of diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy (Odds ratio: 1.338 (95% confidence interval: 1.091-1.640) and 1.333 (1.007-1.764), respectively). Alkaline-phosphatase enzyme was found to be associated with higher risks of diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy ((Risk estimate: 1.002 (95% CI: 1.001-1.003) and 1.002 (1.001-1.004), respectively)). Moreover, gamma-glutamyl transferase was associated with a higher risk of diabetic nephropathy (1.006 (1.002-1.009). Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were inversely associated with the risk of diabetic retinopathy (0.989 (0.979-0.998) and 0.990 (0.983-0.996), respectively). Furthermore, ARPI_T (1), ARPI_T (2), and ARPI_T (3) were shown to be associated with NAFLD (1.440 (1.061-1.954), 1.589 (1.163-2.171), and 2.673 (1.925, 3.710), respectively). However, FIB-4 score was not significantly associated with risk of microvascular complications. Conclusion: Despite the benign nature of NAFLD, patients with type 2 diabetes should be always assessed for NAFLD to ensure early diagnosis and entry into proper medical care. Regular screenings of microvascular complications of diabetes is also suggested for these patients.
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