ReviewPhysiological reviews2023
Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-associated anosmia.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent COVID-19 parosmia and olfactory loss post olfactory training: randomized clinical trial comparing central and peripheral-acting therapeutics.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Trial
- Neurological Manifestations of Long COVID: Current Evidence, Emerging Concepts, and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Possible Volumetric Changes in the Hippocampus and Olfactory Bulbs After COVID-19: A Stereological MRI Study.Viruses · 2026Article
- Neurodegenerative and Cognitive Consequences of Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Olfactory Training for COVID-19-Related Olfactory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Turkish archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Neuroglia Alterations in the Olfactory Bulbs in Patients with Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Postmortem Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Post-COVID Fatigue Is Associated With Reduced Cortical Thickness After Hospitalization.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- MRI of Syrian hamsters reveals SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific neuroinflammation.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Long COVID Symptom Management Through Self-Care and Nonprescription Treatment Options: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Omicron Impacts Olfaction in Hamsters.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Viral Etiologies and Histopathological Features of Olfactory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2-induced sensory perturbations: A narrative review of clinical phenotypes, molecular pathologies, and possible interventions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Olfactory Development and Dysfunction: Involvement of Microglia.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Review
- Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Upregulates RANTES Expression in A172 Glioblastoma Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Post COVID-19 and Long COVID Symptoms in Otorhinolaryngology-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal regulation by downstream genes ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anosmia, the loss of the sense of smell, is one of the main neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus targets the nasal olfactory epithelium, current evidence suggests that neuronal infection is extremely rare in both the olfactory periphery and the brain, prompting the need for mechanistic models that can explain the widespread anosmia in COVID-19 patients. Starting from work identifying the non-neuronal cell types that are infected by SARS-CoV-2 in the olfactory system, we review the effects of infection of these supportive cells in the olfactory epithelium and in the brain and posit the downstream mechanisms through which sense of smell is impaired in COVID-19 patients. We propose that indirect mechanisms contribute to altered olfactory system function in COVID-19-associated anosmia, as opposed to neuronal infection or neuroinvasion into the brain. Such indirect mechanisms include tissue damage, inflammatory responses through immune cell infiltration or systemic circulation of cytokines, and downregulation of odorant receptor genes in olfactory sensory neurons in response to local and systemic signals. We also highlight key unresolved questions raised by recent findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.