ArticleEuropean heart journal2023
Atlas of gut microbe-derived products from aromatic amino acids and risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Article in European heart journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increasing plant protein sources in the diet modulates gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism in men at cardiometabolic risk.Gut microbes · 2026Trial
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- Effects of healthy low-carbohydrate diet and time-restricted eating on weight and gut microbiome in adults with overweight or obesity: Feeding RCT.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Trial
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Article
- The role of gut microbes in production of aromatic carboxaldehydes.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Comparative insights into the gut-heart axis: cross-species and cross-population perspectives.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- How gut microbiome and blood metabolites drive ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine: a genome-wide association study based on the East Asian population.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiota-Metabolite-Host Axis in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Bridging Bench to Bedside.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Glutamine Metabolism: a Metabolic Hub Linking Vascular Remodeling and Plaque Stability in Atherosclerosis.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Role of the Gut-Liver-Kidney Axis in Disease Manifestation and Biomarker Alterations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Phenylacetic Acid, a Gut Microbially Produced Metabolite, Reduces Atherosclerosis Burden and Impacts Host Lipid Homeostasis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Metabolomic signature of ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Article
- An oral tyrosine challenge test for functional phenotyping of microbiota-derived phenyl sulfate production.npj metabolic health and disease · 2026Article
- Enzymatic Basis for the Oxidative Branch of Aromatic Amino Acid Fermentation Leading to p-cresol Formation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A novel serum metabolite classifier for identifying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) integrating metabolomics and machine learning.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics and Functional Validation Identify a Quercetin-SLC15A2 Axis That Mediates the Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Shen-Kang Recipe in Diabetic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Variation in Microbiome Composition and Faecal Metabolites Are Associated With Differential Susceptibility to DSS-Induced Colitis.Immunology · 2026Article
- Interpreting circulating microbiome-related metabolites in coronary heart disease.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Mixed sorbent in miniaturized stir bar sorptive dispersive microextraction for the determination of gut microbiome metabolites in plasma samples.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsPrecision microbiome modulation as a novel treatment strategy is a rapidly evolving and sought goal. The aim of this study is to determine relationships among systemic gut microbial metabolite levels and incident cardiovascular disease risks to identify gut microbial pathways as possible targets for personalized therapeutic interventions. METHODS AND
resultsStable isotope dilution mass spectrometry methods to quantitatively measure aromatic amino acids and their metabolites were used to examine sequential subjects undergoing elective diagnostic cardiac evaluation in two independent cohorts with longitudinal outcome data [US (n = 4000) and EU (n = 833) cohorts]. It was also used in plasma from humans and mice before vs. after a cocktail of poorly absorbed antibiotics to suppress gut microbiota. Multiple aromatic amino acid-derived metabolites that originate, at least in part, from gut bacteria are associated with incident (3-year) major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risks (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death) and all-cause mortality independent of traditional risk factors. Key gut microbiota-derived metabolites associated with incident MACE and poorer survival risks include: (i) phenylacetyl glutamine and phenylacetyl glycine (from phenylalanine); (ii) p-cresol (from tyrosine) yielding p-cresol sulfate and p-cresol glucuronide; (iii) 4-OH-phenyllactic acid (from tyrosine) yielding 4-OH-benzoic acid and 4-OH-hippuric acid; (iv) indole (from tryptophan) yielding indole glucuronide and indoxyl sulfate; (v) indole-3-pyruvic acid (from tryptophan) yielding indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-acetyl-glutamine, and (vi) 5-OH-indole-3-acetic acid (from tryptophan).
conclusionKey gut microbiota-generated metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids independently associated with incident adverse cardiovascular outcomes are identified, and thus will help focus future studies on gut-microbial metabolic outputs relevant to host cardiovascular health.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.