Trial reportJournal of neurology2023
Physical fitness moderates the association between brain network impairment and both motor function and cognition in progressive multiple sclerosis.
Trial report in Journal of neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased functional network connectivity following cognitive rehabilitation in progressive multiple sclerosis with moderate to severe disabilty: findings from the CogEx study.Journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Effects of cognitive rehabilitation and exercise on brain structure in progressive multiple sclerosis: results from the CogEx trial.Journal of neurology · 2025Trial
- Early structural hub disruption leads to premature functional adaption in multiple sclerosis.Brain structure & function · 2025Article
- Towards new perspectives: A scoping review and meta-synthesis to redefine brain health for multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeurodegeneration leads to continuous accumulation of disability in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Exercise is considered to counteract disease progression, but little is known on the interaction between fitness, brain networks and disability in MS.
objectiveThe aim of this study to explore functional and structural brain connectivity and the interaction between fitness and disability based on motor and cognitive functional outcomes in a secondary analysis of a randomised, 3-month, waiting group controlled arm ergometry intervention in progressive MS.
methodsWe modelled individual structural and functional brain networks based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We used linear mixed effect models to compare changes in brain networks between the groups and explore the association between fitness, brain connectivity and functional outcomes in the entire cohort.
resultsWe recruited 34 persons with advanced progressive MS (pwMS, mean age 53 years, females 71%, mean disease duration 17 years and an average walking restriction of < 100 m without aid). Functional connectivity increased in highly connected brain regions of the exercise group (p = 0.017), but no structural changes (p = 0.817) were observed. Motor and cognitive task performance correlated positively with nodal structural connectivity but not nodal functional connectivity. We also found that the correlation between fitness and functional outcomes was stronger with lower connectivity.
conclusionsFunctional reorganisation seems to be an early indicator of exercise effects on brain networks. Fitness moderates the relationship between network disruption and both motor and cognitive outcomes, with growing importance in more disrupted brain networks. These findings underline the need and opportunities associated with exercise in advanced MS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.