ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2023
Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Filamentous morphology of influenza A virus confers enhanced stability in aerosols.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Influence of Carbon Dioxide and pH on Influenza Virus in Sessile Saliva Droplets.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- The impact of temperature and relative humidity on SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission in Syrian hamsters.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 at acidic pH is driven by partial unfolding of spike.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Measurements of Surrogate Respiratory Sessile Droplet pH and Implications for Exhaled Respiratory Aerosol and Airborne Disease Transmission.ACS central science · 2025Article
- Inactivation Effects of Hypochlorous Acid, Chlorine Dioxide, and Ozone on Airborne SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Persistence of Phi6, a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, in simulated indoor environments: Effects of humidity and material properties.PloS one · 2025Article
- Detrimental Effects of Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Reinfection, and the Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review of factors affecting virus inactivation in aerosols and droplets.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Review
- Ambient carbon dioxide concentration correlates with SARS-CoV-2 aerostability and infection risk.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The microphysics of surrogates of exhaled aerosols from the upper respiratory tract.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2024Article
- Dependence on relative humidity in the formation of reactive oxygen species in water droplets.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Physiology or Psychology: What Drives Human Emissions of Carbon Dioxide and Ammonia?Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- An assessment of the airborne longevity of group A Streptococcus.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2024Article
- Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The mechanistic factors hypothesized to be key drivers for the loss of infectivity of viruses in the aerosol phase often remain speculative. Using a next-generation bioaerosol technology, we report measurements of the aero-stability of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in aerosol droplets of well-defined size and composition at high (90%) and low (40%) relative humidity (RH) upwards of 40 min. When compared with the ancestral virus, the infectivity of the Delta variant displayed different decay profiles. At low RH, a loss of viral infectivity of approximately 55% was observed over the initial 5 s for both variants. Regardless of RH and variant, greater than 95% of the viral infectivity was lost after 40 min of being aerosolized. Aero-stability of the variants correlate with their sensitivities to alkaline pH. Removal of all acidic vapours dramatically increased the rate of infectivity decay, with 90% loss after 2 min, while the addition of nitric acid vapour improved aero-stability. Similar aero-stability in droplets of artificial saliva and growth medium was observed. A model to predict loss of viral infectivity is proposed: at high RH, the high pH of exhaled aerosol drives viral infectivity loss; at low RH, high salt content limits the loss of viral infectivity.
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