SynthesisJournal of general internal medicine2023
Advocacy Curricula in Graduate Medical Education: an Updated Systematic Review from 2017 to 2022.
Synthesis in Journal of general internal medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interprofessional education initiatives to teach advocacy in health professions programs: a narrative review.Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice · 2026Review
- Curricular advances to develop medical students' knowledge, skills, and attitudes in health advocacy.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- A socioecological framework for physician advocacy: motivators, enablers, and barriers.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- Advocacy Education in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Results of a National Survey of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Programs.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- How the Health Advocate Role is reflected in health professions education literature: a scoping review protocol.Canadian medical education journal · 2026Article
- Postgraduate nursing students' experiences in a project-based learning model: a qualitative focus group study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Training Psychiatrist-Advocates: Developing a Resident-Led Healthcare Advocacy Curriculum for Psychiatry Residents.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Advocacy in Psychiatry.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2025Article
- Advocating with Community: A Community-Engaged Advocacy Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residents.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- How Are We Teaching Advocacy? A National Survey of Internal Medicine Residency Program Directors.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- The experiences of medical and pharmacy students participating in a collaborative online international learning on social accountability and global health: a qualitative study.BMC medical education · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdvocacy is an integral component of a physician's professional responsibilities, yet efforts to teach advocacy skills in a systematic and comprehensive manner have been inconsistent and challenging. There is currently no consensus on the tools and content that should be included in advocacy curricula for graduate medical trainees.
objectiveTo conduct a systematic review of recently published GME advocacy curricula and delineate foundational concepts and topics in advocacy education that are pertinent to trainees across specialties and career paths.
methodsWe conducted an updated systematic review based off Howell et al. (J Gen Intern Med 34(11):2592-2601, 2019) to identify articles published between September 2017 and March 2022 that described GME advocacy curricula developed in the USA and Canada. Searches of grey literature were used to find citations potentially missed by the search strategy. Articles were independently reviewed by two authors to identify those meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria; a third author resolved discrepancies. Three reviewers used a web-based interface to extract curricular details from the final selection of articles. Two reviewers conducted a detailed analysis of recurring themes in curricular design and implementation.
resultsOf 867 articles reviewed, 26 articles, describing 31 unique curricula, met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority (84%) represented Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, Pediatrics, and Psychiatry programs. The most common learning methods included experiential learning, didactics, and project-based work. Most covered community partnerships (58%) and legislative advocacy (58%) as advocacy tools and social determinants of health (58%) as an educational topic. Evaluation results were inconsistently reported. Analysis of recurring themes showed that advocacy curricula benefit from an overarching culture supportive of advocacy education and should ideally be learner-centric, educator-friendly, and action-oriented. DISCUSSION: Combining core features of advocacy curricula identified in prior publications with our findings, we propose an integrative framework to guide design and implementation of advocacy curricula for GME trainees. Additional research is needed to build expert consensus and ultimately develop model curricula for disseminated use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.