Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37339969›Full record

ArticleNature communications2023

Pangolin-inspired untethered magnetic robot for on-demand biomedical heating applications.

Ren Hao Soon, Zhen Yin, Metin Alp Dogan, Nihal Olcay Dogan, Mehmet Efe Tiryaki, Alp Can Karacakol, Asli Aydin, Pouria Esmaeili-Dokht, Metin Sitti

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
19.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Miniature Soft Robot With Magnetically Reprogrammable Surgical Functions.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. The Morphological, Behavioral, and Transcriptomic Life Cycle of Anthrobots.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A Multimodal Amphibious Robot Driven by Soft Electrohydraulic Flippers.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Wireless Magnetic Robot for Precise Hierarchical Control of Tissue Deformation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Ren Hao Soon *Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4188-540X
Zhen Yin *Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4068-5422
Metin Alp DoganPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0009-0001-8280-2917
Nihal Olcay DoganPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2961-2943
Mehmet Efe TiryakiPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2646-1775
Alp Can KaracakolPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1241-0800
Asli AydinPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1012-5934
Pouria Esmaeili-DokhtPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0388-6957
Metin SittiPhysical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. sitti@is.mpg.de.ORCID 0000-0001-8249-3854
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems · DEETH Zurich · CHKoç University · TRTongji University · CN

Funding

European Research Council 834531
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Untethered magnetic miniature soft robots capable of accessing hard-to-reach regions can enable safe, disruptive, and minimally invasive medical procedures. However, the soft body limits the integration of non-magnetic external stimuli sources on the robot, thereby restricting the functionalities of such robots. One such functionality is localised heat generation, which requires solid metallic materials for increased efficiency. Yet, using these materials compromises the compliance and safety of using soft robots. To overcome these competing requirements, we propose a pangolin-inspired bi-layered soft robot design. We show that the reported design achieves heating > 70 °C at large distances > 5 cm within a short period of time <30 s, allowing users to realise on-demand localised heating in tandem with shape-morphing capabilities. We demonstrate advanced robotic functionalities, such as selective cargo release, in situ demagnetisation, hyperthermia and mitigation of bleeding, on tissue phantoms and ex vivo tissues.

Indexed as

PangolinsRoboticsAnimalsBody Temperature RegulationHeatingPhysical Phenomena

Identifiers

PMID37339969
PMCPMC10282021
OpenAlexW4381434076

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.