Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37339803›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2023

Highly Tunable Cascaded Metasurfaces for Continuous Two-Dimensional Beam Steering.

Lingyun Zhang, Li Zhang, Rongbo Xie, Yibo Ni, Xiaoyu Wu, Yuanmu Yang, Fei Xing, Xiaoguang Zhao, Zheng You

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Application of metasurface in future displays.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  6. Single-gate electro-optic beam switching metasurfaces.Light, science & applications · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Meta-Device for Field-of-View Tunability via Adaptive Optical Spatial Differentiation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Directional Phase and Polarization Manipulation Using Janus Metasurfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  15. Electrically switchable 2Nature communications · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Highly Tunable Cascaded Metasurfaces for Continuous Two-Dimensional Beam Steering.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lingyun ZhangDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4818-0624
Li ZhangDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-9880
Rongbo XieDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4901-7511
Yibo NiDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Xiaoyu WuState Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Yuanmu YangDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Fei XingDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Xiaoguang ZhaoDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-2176
Zheng YouDepartment of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.

Funding

Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated CircuitsBeijing Natural Science Foundation 4222068National Natural Science Foundation of China U21A6003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cascaded metasurfaces can exhibit powerful dynamic light manipulation by mechanically tuning the far-field interactions in the layers. However, in most current designs, the metasurfaces are separated by gaps smaller than a wavelength to form a total phase profile, representing the direct accumulation of the phase profiles of each layer. Such small gap sizes may not only conflict with the far-field conditions but also pose great difficulties for practical implementations. To overcome this limitation, a design paradigm taking advantage of a ray-tracing scheme that allows the cascaded metasurfaces to operate optimally at easily achievable gap sizes is proposed. Enabled by the relative lateral translation of two cascaded metasurfaces, a continuous two-dimensional (2D) beam-steering device for 1064 nm light is designed as a proof of concept. Simulation results demonstrate tuning ranges of ±45° for biaxial deflection angles within ±3.5 mm biaxial translations, while keeping the divergence of deflected light less than 0.007°. The experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions, and a uniform optical efficiency is observed. The  generializeddesign paradigm can pave a way towards myriad tunable cascaded metasurface devices for various applications, including but not limited to light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and free space optical communication.

Indexed as

beam steeringcascaded metasurfacestunable metasurfaces

Identifiers

PMID37339803
PMCPMC10460883

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.