Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37336086›Full record

ArticleHuman movement science2023

Cadence (steps/min) as an indicator of the walk-to-run transition.

Colleen J Chase, Elroy J Aguiar, Christopher C Moore, Stuart R Chipkin, John Staudenmayer, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Scott W Ducharme

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Human movement science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07540455 (An Investigation of the Effect of Different Auditory Conditions on 6-Minute Walk Performance and Recovery in Healthy Young Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07540455 completednot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

An Investigation of the Effect of Different Auditory Conditions on 6-Minute Walk Performance and Recovery in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomised Cross-Over Study

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorHasan Kalyoncu UniversityRan2026 to 2026Enrolled49ConditionsRecovery, Fatigue Recovery, HealhtyArmsMetronome, Bineural Beats, Control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Colleen J ChaseDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. Electronic address: chase@umass.edu.
Elroy J AguiarDepartment of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
Christopher C MooreDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Stuart R ChipkinDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
John StaudenmayerDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
Catrine Tudor-LockeCollege of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
Scott W DucharmeDepartment of Kinesiology, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA.

Funding

CADENCE-ADULTS: CADENCE AND INTENSITY ACROSS THE ADULT LIFESPANR01AG049024 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHARLOTTE · PI TUDOR-LOCKE, CATRINE E. · 2015 to 2019
$2.7M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG049024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHumans naturally transition from walking to running at a point known as the walk-to-run transition (WRT). The WRT commonly occurs at a speed of ∼2.1 m/s (m/s) or a Froude number (dimensionless value considering leg length) of 0.5. Emerging evidence suggests the WRT can also be classified using a cadence of 140 steps/min. An accurate cadence-based WRT metric would aid in classifying wearable technology minute-level step metrics as walking vs. running. PURPOSE: To evaluate performance of 1) WRT predictors directly identified from a treadmill-based dataset of sequentially faster bouts, and 2) accepted WRT predictors compiled from previous literature.

methodsTwenty-eight adults (71.4% men; age = 36.6 ± 12.8 years, BMI = 26.2 ± 4.7 kg/m

resultsOverall accuracies (metric, percent) according to WRT predictors from previous literature were: speed (2.1 m/s, 55.0%), Froude number (0.5, 76.8%), and cadence (140 steps/min, 91.1%), and those from the dataset herein were: speed (1.9 and 2.0 m/s, 78.6%), Froude number (0.68, 77.3%), and cadence (134, 139, and 141 steps/min, 92.9%). The three equally accurate cadence values support a heuristic range of cadence-based WRT values in young and middle-aged adults: 135-140 steps/min. SIGNIFICANCE: A tight range of cadence values performed better as WRT predictors compared to either previously reported or directly identified speed or Froude number values. These findings have important implications for gait classification, especially considering cadence is a simple metric which can be readily assessed across settings using direct observation or wearable technologies.

Indexed as

AccelerationRunningAdultExercise TestFemaleGaitHumansMaleMiddle AgedWalkingYoung AdultFroude numberLocomotionSpeedStep rateSteps/min

Identifiers

PMID37336086
PMCPMC10526715

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.