ArticleCanada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada2022
Counterfactuals of effects of vaccination and public health measures on COVID-19 cases in Canada: What could have happened?
Article in Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant spread and the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Healthcare resource utilization and cost burden of COVID-19 according to vaccination status in adults in Ontario, Canada, 2021-2023.PloS one · 2026Article
- Mapping the intersection of demographics, behavior, and government response to the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational cohort study.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- The decision uncertainty toolkit: Risk measures and visual outputs to support decision making during public health crises.PloS one · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among People with Spinal Cord Injury and Dysfunction in Ontario, Canada: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Linking Opinions Shared on Social Media About COVID-19 Public Health Measures to Adherence: Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys of Twitter Use in Canada.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- A methodology for estimating SARS-CoV-2 importation risk by air travel into Canada between July and November 2021.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Impact of immune evasion, waning and boosting on dynamics of population mixing between a vaccinated majority and unvaccinated minority.PloS one · 2024Article
- Evaluating the COVID-19 vaccination program in Japan, 2021 using the counterfactual reproduction number.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Quantifying the economic gains associated with COVID-19 vaccination in the Canadian population: A cost-benefit analysis.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Which Curve Are We Flattening? The Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 Among Economically Marginalized Communities in Ontario, Canada, Was Unchanged From Wild-Type to Omicron.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Counterfactuals of effects of vaccination and public health measures on COVID-19 cases in Canada: what could have happened?Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study illustrates what may have happened, in terms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, hospitalizations and deaths in Canada, had public health measures not been used to control the COVID-19 epidemic, and had restrictions been lifted with low levels of vaccination, or no vaccination, of the Canadian population. The timeline of the epidemic in Canada, and the public health interventions used to control the epidemic, are reviewed. Comparisons against outcomes in other countries and counterfactual modelling illustrate the relative success of control of the epidemic in Canada. Together, these observations show that without the use of restrictive measures and without high levels of vaccination, Canada could have experienced substantially higher numbers of infections and hospitalizations and almost a million deaths.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.