ArticlePPAR research2023
PPARG: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer and Regulation by Natural Drugs.
Article in PPAR research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global pattern and evolution of PPARγ in breast cancer: a 25-Year bibliometric and visualized knowledge map analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular signatures of breast cancer in the Iranian population: a review of cell growth and cell cycle regulators.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Interpretable QSAR modelling for PPAR-γ agonist prediction by integrating a stacking strategy, docking, and MD simulations.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Integrative transcriptomic and machine learning framework reveals candidate genes and potential mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 exposure in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- miR-27b-3p directly targets PPARG to regulate pancreatic cancer progression.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Mechanical Insights into the Distinct Effects of Ovariectomy Versus Adrenalectomy on Age-Related Thymic Atrophy in Female Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A combined transcriptomic, epigenetic, and functional analysis identifies novel biomarkers in breast cancer.Hereditas · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of IGF1R signaling in type 2 diabetes-related neurodegeneration and therapeutic implications of exercise.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Early identification and prevention of depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Discovery and molecular characterization of a potent thiazolyl-pyrazole hybrid targeting EGFR for breast cancer therapy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ursolic acid suppresses triple-negative breast cancer progression through mediating FABP4/PPARG pathway.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- PPAR-γ in Melanoma and Immune Cells: Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications.Cells · 2025Review
- Exploring the landscape of autoimmune disorder-associated genes and their impact on immune microenvironment in breast cancer patients.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- The Therapeutic Mechanisms of Huayu Quban Capsule in Treating Acne Vulgaris Are Uncovered Through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Understanding mechanisms ofFrontiers in chemistry · 2025Article
- Exploring the Mechanism of Lianqiao Jinbei Decoction Inhibiting HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2025Article
- Elucidating the role of gut microbiota metabolites in diabetes by employing network pharmacology.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Kaurenoic Acid in Overcoming Radioresistance in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Oxidative Stress and the Nrf2/PPARγ Axis in the Endometrium: Insights into Female Fertility.Cells · 2024Review
- Comparison of the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy Versus Cisplatin Application.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among females. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) can regulate the production of adipocyte-related genes and has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. Our aim was to investigate PPARG expression, its possible prognostic value, and its effect on immune cell infiltration in BC, and explore the regulatory effects of natural drugs on PPARG to find new ways to treat BC. Using different bioinformatics tools, we extracted and comprehensively analyzed the data from the Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, and BenCaoZuJian databases to study the potential anti-BC mechanism of PPARG and potential natural drugs targeting it. First, we found that PPARG was downregulated in BC and its expression level correlates with pathological tumor stage (pT-stage) and pathological tumor-node-metastasis stage (pTNM-stage) in BC. PPARG expression was higher in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC than in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) BC, which tends to indicate a better prognosis. Meanwhile, PPARG exhibited a significant positive correlation with the infiltration of immune cells and correlated with better cumulative survival in BC patients. In addition, PPARG levels were shown to be positively associated with the expression of immune-related genes and immune checkpoints, and ER+ patients had better responses to immune checkpoint blocking. Correlation pathway research revealed that PPARG is strongly associated with pathways, such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and degradation in ER+ BC. We also found that quercetin is the most promising natural anti-BC drug among natural medicines that upregulate PPARG. Our research showed that PPARG may reduce BC development by regulating the immune microenvironment. Quercetin as PPARG ligands/agonists is a potential natural drug for BC treatment.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.