ArticleEClinicalMedicine2023
Impact of general anaesthesia on breast cancer survival: a 5-year follow up of a pragmatic, randomised, controlled trial, the CAN-study, comparing propofol and sevoflurane.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Open-label Study to Compare Propofol Anesthesia With Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Terms of Overall Survival in Patients With Surgical Intervention for Either Breast-, Colon- or Rectal Cancer
Does Anesthesia Technique Impact on the Long-term Outcome 5 and 10 Years After the First Intervention in Primary Breast Cancer Surgery? A Follow-up Analysis.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Survival after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy versus mastectomy: propensity score analyses within a randomized anaesthesiology trial.The British journal of surgery · 2026Trial
- Lidocaine effects on neutrophil extracellular trapping and angiogenesis biomarkers in postoperative breast cancer patients with different anesthesia methods: a prospective, randomized trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Anaesthetic Type and Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Registry Study.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Network toxicology and interpretable modeling identify nicotine-associated neuroendocrine targets and a three-gene prognostic signature in breast cancer.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Acute kidney injury after propofol or sevoflurane anaesthesia for colorectal cancer surgery: a secondary analysis.Anaesthesia · 2026Article
- Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia and recurrence-free survival after hepatectomy-does it improve outcomes?Annals of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Immunometabolism, an emerging field in perioperative and critical care medicine: a narrative review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2026Review
- Propofol versus sevoflurane: how many RCTs is enough?Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Comparison of total intravenous anesthesia and combined inhalation and intravenous anesthesia on survival after tumor surgery: a propensity score matched cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Application of nerve blocks in breast surgery: evolution and prospects from efficacy comparison to multidimensional assessment and precision application.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Propofol Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Pediatric Proton Radiotherapy and Its Effect on Patient Outcomes.Cancers · 2025Article
- The optimal mode of anaesthesia: are we ready for an evidence-based recommendation?British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Total intravenous or inhalational volatile anaesthesia and survival after colorectal cancer surgery: a Swedish national registry study.Anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Pain, lactate, and anesthetics: intertwined regulators of tumor metabolism and immunity.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Impact of pediatric anesthesia management on cancer outcomes in children-a narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- The impact of perioperative anesthesia management-induced immunosuppression on postoperative cancer recurrence and metastasis: a narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Impact of Surgical and Anesthetic Procedures after Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study (The PROCOL Study).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Recurrence-free survival after curative resection of non-small cell lung cancer between inhalational gas anesthesia and propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia: a multicenter, randomized, clinical trial (GAS TIVA trial): protocol description.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Anaesthesia may impact long-term cancer survival. In the Cancer and Anaesthesia study, we hypothesised that the hypnotic drug propofol will have an advantage of at least five percentage points in five-year survival over the inhalational anaesthetic sevoflurane for breast cancer surgery. Methods: From 2118 eligible breast cancer patients scheduled for primary curable, invasive breast cancer surgery, 1764 were recruited after ethical approval and individual informed consent to this open label, single-blind, randomised trial at four county- and three university hospitals in Sweden and one Chinese university hospital. Of surveyed patients, 354 were excluded, mainly due to refusal to participate. Patients were randomised by computer at the monitoring organisation to general anaesthesia maintenance with either intravenous propofol or inhaled sevoflurane in a 1:1 ratio in permuted blocks. Data related to anaesthesia, surgery, oncology, and demographics were registered. The primary endpoint was five-year overall survival. Data are presented as Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Hazard Ratios based on Cox univariable regression analyses by both intention-to-treat and per-protocol. EudraCT, 2013-002380-25 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01975064. Findings: Of 1764 patients, included from December 3, 2013, to September 29, 2017, 1670 remained for analysis. The numbers who survived at least five years were 773/841 (91.9% (95% CI 90.1-93.8)) in the propofol group and 764/829 (92.2% (90.3-94.0)) in the sevoflurane group, (HR 1.03 (0.73-1.44); P = 0.875); the corresponding results in the per-protocol-analysis were: 733/798 (91.9% (90.0-93.8)) and 653/710 (92.0% (90.0-94.0)) (HR = 1.01 (0.71-1.44); P = 0.955). Survival after a median follow-up of 76.7 months did not indicate any difference between the groups (HR 0.97, 0.72-1.29; P = 0.829, log rank test). Interpretation: No difference in overall survival was found between general anaesthesia with propofol or sevoflurane for breast cancer surgery. Funding: Swedish Research Council; Uppsala-Örebro Regional Research Council; Västmanland Regional Research Fund; Västmanland Cancer Foundation; Stig and Ragna Gohrton Foundation; Birgit and Henry Knutsson Foundation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.