ArticleBMC gastroenterology2023
Risk of cardiovascular disease in lean patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global epidemiology of diabetes and prediabetes in lean or non-obese patients with NAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Liver and cardiovascular outcomes in lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of about 1 million individuals.Hepatology international · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- Exploring the interplay between systemic immune-inflammatory response, nutritional patterns, and metabolic health in MAFLD.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Increased Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Lean vs Non-lean MASLD: A Multicenter Analysis.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): definition, diagnosis, natural history, and treatment.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Association of lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with carotid plaque progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Lean MASLD and IBD: Exploring the Intersection of Metabolic Dysfunction and the Gut-Liver Axis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes and risk modifiers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease between lean and non-lean populations.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Review
- Natural history of lean and non-lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Article
- Update in lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.World journal of hepatology · 2024Article
- Increased risk of reflux esophagitis in non-obese individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the risk of developing CVD in patients with lean NAFLD is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the CVD incidence in Japanese patients with lean NAFLD and those with non-lean NAFLD.
methodsA total of 581 patients with NAFLD (219 with lean and 362 with non-lean NAFLD) were recruited. All patients underwent annual health checkups for at least 3 years, and CVD incidence was investigated during follow-up. The primary end-point was CVD incidence at 3 years.
resultsThe 3-year new CVD incidence rates in patients with lean and non-lean NAFLD were 2.3% and 3.9%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between two groups (p = 0.3). Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and lean NAFLD/non-lean NAFLD revealed that age (every 10 years) as an independent factor associated with CVD incidence with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-3.4), whereas lean NAFLD was not associated with CVD incidence (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.2-1.9).
conclusionsCVD incidence was comparable between patients with lean NAFLD and those with non-lean NAFLD. Therefore, CVD prevention is needed even in patients with lean NAFLD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.