ArticleBMC chemistry2023
Quantitative analysis of two COVID-19 antiviral agents, favipiravir and remdesivir, in spiked human plasma using spectrophotometric methods; greenness evaluation.
Article in BMC chemistry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of HPLC-FLD method for simultaneous determination of ternary therapy used for COVID-19 in plasma samples.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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- A green three-ratio manipulating spectrophotometric approaches for the determination of a binary mixture of pantoprazole and domperidone.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
- Ecofriendly spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of remdesivir and moxifloxacin hydrochloride as co administered drugs in corona virus treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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- Advancing Green Chemistry in Antiviral Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review.Current drug research reviews · 2025Review
- Three spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of bisoprolol fumarate and telmisartan in fixed-dose combination utilizing ratio spectra manipulation methods.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Application of signal processing techniques for the spectroscopic analysis of dolutegravir and lamivudine: a comparative assessment and greenness appraisal.BMC chemistry · 2024Article
- Utilization of absorbance subtraction and ratio difference green spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of alfuzosin hydrochloride and tadalafil in their binary mixture.BMC chemistry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Favipiravir and remdesivir have been included in the COVID-19 treatment guidelines panel of several countries. The main objective of the current work is to develop the first validated green spectrophotometric methods for the determination of favipiravir and remdesivir in spiked human plasma. The UV absorption spectra of favipiravir and remdesivir have shown some overlap, making simultaneous determination difficult. Due to the considerable overlap, two ratio spectra manipulating spectrophotometric methods, namely, ratio difference and the first derivative of ratio spectra, enabled the determination of favipiravir and remdesivir in their pure forms and spiked plasma. The ratio spectra of favipiravir and remdesivir were derived by dividing the spectra of each drug by the suitable spectrum of another drug as a divisor to get the ratio spectra. Favipiravir was determined by calculating the difference between 222 and 256 nm of the derived ratio spectra, while calculating the difference between 247 and 271 nm of the derived ratio spectra enabled the determination of remdesivir. Moreover, the ratio spectra of every drug were transformed to the first order derivative using ∆λ = 4 and a scaling factor of 100. The first-order derivative amplitude values at 228 and 251.20 nm enabled the determination of favipiravir and remdesivir, respectively. Regarding the pharmacokinetic profile of favipiravir (C
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