Observational studyPloS one2023
Gender and intention to leave healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic among U.S. healthcare workers: A cross sectional analysis of the HERO registry.
Observational study in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04342806 (Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) Registry Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A global prevalence of turnover intention among doctors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Research in PCORnet®: One Researcher's Journey.Medical care · 2026Article
- The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Workforce Attrition and Intention-to-Leave Among Healthcare Workers in New Zealand: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Review
- Article
- Learning Health System study designs for the evaluation of workforce interventions to cultivate eudaimonia (flourishing).Learning health systems · 2025Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on the Division of Household Labor Among Women Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Association of Psychological Safety with Burnout and Intent to Leave Among Physician Faculty in New York City.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Observational
- Elevating the role and professional contributions of the neonatal dietitian for the future: insights from the experts themselves.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Factors Contributing to the Intention to Leave Among Nursing Home Staff in Singapore: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of nursing management · 2025Article
- Changes in Registered Nurse Employment Plans and Workplace Assessments.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic and neurology: A survey on previous and continued restrictions for clinical practice, curricular training, and health economics.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Exploring the Factors behind Nurses' Decision to Leave Clinical Practice: Revealing Causes for Leaving and Approaches for Enhanced Retention.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Determining How Nurses Living With Their Families Decide to Work in a COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit: Grounded Theory Study.SAGE open nursingArticle
- Evaluating the Relationship Between Electronic Health Record Workload and Advanced Practice Provider Work Status in Primary Care.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceThe COVID-19 pandemic stressed the healthcare field, resulting in a worker exodus at the onset and throughout the pandemic and straining healthcare systems. Female healthcare workers face unique challenges that may impact job satisfaction and retention. It is important to understand factors related to healthcare workers' intent to leave their current field.
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that female healthcare workers were more likely than male counterparts to report intention to leave.
designObservational study of healthcare workers enrolled in the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) registry. After baseline enrollment, two HERO 'hot topic' survey waves, in May 2021 and December 2021, ascertained intent to leave. Unique participants were included if they responded to at least one of these survey waves.
settingHERO registry, a large national registry that captures healthcare worker and community member experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.
participantsRegistry participants self-enrolled online and represent a convenience sample predominantly composed of adult healthcare workers. EXPOSURE(S): Self-reported gender (male, female). MAIN OUTCOME: Primary outcome was intention to leave (ITL), defined as having already left, actively making plans, or considering leaving healthcare or changing current healthcare field but with no active plans. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to examine the odds of intention to leave with adjustment for key covariates.
resultsAmong 4165 responses to either May or December surveys, female gender was associated with increased odds of ITL (42.2% males versus 51.4% females reported intent to leave; aOR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63]). Nurses had 74% higher odds of ITL compared to most other health professionals. Among those who expressed ITL, three quarters reported job-related burnout as a contributor, and one third reported experience of moral injury. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Female healthcare workers had higher odds of intent to leave their healthcare field than males. Additional research is needed to examine the role of family-related stressors.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04342806.
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