ReviewInternational journal of oncology2023
New developments in the mechanism and application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy (Review).
Review in International journal of oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The interplay between p21-activated kinases and tumour-infiltrating dendritic cells and T cells and its implication in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Cardiac adverse events associated with dual immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance analysis from the FDA adverse event reporting system.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING pathway and mitochondrial metabolism: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic potential in tumor.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Development of tRNA-based biomarkers for breast cancer: insight from machine learning.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- AI-Induced Vascular Ages Are a Measurable Residual Risk for Cardiovascular Diseases in the Japanese Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Immunotherapy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: PD-L1 and beyond.Pathologica · 2025Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to reveal and overcome T-cell dysfunction in gastric cancer: translation from basic research to clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current Insights.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2025Review
- Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of anti-PD-1/PD-L1-related severe cardiac adverse event: based on FAERS and TCGA databases.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Rare, late onset of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with small-cell lung cancer treated with serplulimab: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Review
- Inhibitors of Immune Checkpoints: Small Molecule- and Peptide-Based Approaches.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Preclinical and Clinical Observations Implying Combination Therapy to Enhance the Efficacy of the Her-2/neu B-Cell Peptide-Based Vaccine HER-Vaxx and to Prevent Immune Evasion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been demonstrated in the treatment of numerous types of cancer and ICIs have remained a key focus of cancer research. However, improvements in survival rates only occur in a subset of patients, due to the complexity of drug resistance. Therefore, further investigations are required to identify predictive biomarkers that distinguish responders and non‑responders. Combined therapeutics involving ICIs and other modalities demonstrate potential in overcoming resistance to ICIs; however, further preclinical and clinical trials are required. Concurrently, prompt recognition and intervention of immune‑related adverse events are crucial to optimize the use of ICIs in clinical treatment. The present study aimed to review the current literature surrounding the mechanisms and application of ICIs, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for clinicians.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.