SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2023
The role of inflammatory biomarkers in the development and progression of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards the Development of a Conceptual Framework of the Determinants of Pre-Eclampsia: A Hierarchical Systematic Review of Biomarkers.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Pooled it
- Raised levels of chemerin in women with preeclampsia: A meta-analysis.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Pooled it
- Potential Inflammatory Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder Related to Suicidal Behaviors: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia promotes adverse pregnancy outcomes via mtDNA-cGAS-STING signaling-mediated trophoblast mitophagy.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Naringenin protects against L-NAME-induced preeclampsia and fetal developmental abnormalities via modulation of inflammation, eNOS/NO signaling, AKT/mTOR pathway, and restoring endothelial function.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictive Biomarker for Pre-Eclampsia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Blood Clotting as an Unintended Cytokine Stimulus in Pregnancy: Why Serum and Plasma are Non-Equivalent Immune Matrices.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Identifying mitochondrial genes and potential biological functions in pre-eclampsia: bioinformatics and experimental insights.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Cytokines in Preeclampsia: A Review of Ιnterleukins IL-15, IL-16, IL-17 and IL-35.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Observational
- Position Statement on Cardiometabolic Health Across the Woman's Life Course - 2025.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Risk stratification and prediction of emergency delivery in early-onset preeclampsia using machine learning.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Cytokines and Chemokines During the Peripartum Period in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Observational
- Maternal Immune Activation During Pregnancy and Obstetric Outcomes: A Population-Based Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Increased platelet activation and thrombo-inflammation in early and late-onset preeclampsia.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of Inflammation and Their Association With the Severity and Onset of Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Gestational hypertension increases risk of seizures in children and mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Among the potential pathogenesis discussed, inflammation is considered an essential initiator of PE. Previous studies have compared the levels of various inflammatory biomarkers that indicate the existence of PE; however, the relative levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers and their dynamic changes during PE progression remain unclear. This knowledge is essential to explain the occurrence and progression of the disease. Objective: We aimed to identify the relationship between inflammatory status and PE using inflammatory biomarkers as indicators. We also discussed the underlying mechanism by which inflammatory imbalance contributes to PE by comparing the relative levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, we identified additional risk factors for PE. Methods: We reviewed PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for articles published until 15 Results: Thirteen articles that investigated 2,549 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Patients with PE had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) than the controls. CRP and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were higher than those of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Patients with gestational age > 34 weeks had significantly higher IL-6 and TNF levels. Patients with higher systolic blood pressure had significantly higher IL-8, IL-10, and CRP levels. Conclusion: Inflammatory imbalance is an independent risk factor for PE development. Impairment of the anti-inflammatory system is a crucial initiating factor for PE development. Failed autoregulation, manifested as prolonged exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, leads to PE progression. Higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers suggest more severe symptoms, and pregnant women after 34 weeks of gestation are more susceptible to PE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.