ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2023
Emission of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from a Waste-to-Energy Plant─Occurrence in Ashes, Treated Process Water, and First Observation in Flue Gas.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- AFFF on fire: new insights into the thermal fate of the AFFF compound Capstone B.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Navigating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in organic waste streams: Sources, challenges and implications for circular economy recycling - A mini-review.Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA · 2026Review
- Roadmap to Catalytic Abatement of Gas Phase Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS).Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Review
- Comparative evaluation of PFAS-selective adsorbents in hard-to-treat residual waste streams.Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) · 2025Article
- Phosphorus speciation in sewage sludge and their ashes after incineration as a function of treatment processes.Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA · 2025Article
- PFAS-Free Energy Storage: Investigating Alternatives for Lithium-Ion Batteries.Environmental science & technology · 2024Review
- Review of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl treatment in combustion-based thermal waste systems in the United States.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in a Waste-to-Energy Plant─Tracking PFASs in Internal Residual Streams.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Characterizing Volatile Emissions and Combustion Byproducts from Aqueous Film-Forming Foams Using Online Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large group of compounds commonly used as industrial chemicals and constituents of consumer products, e.g., as surfactants and surface protectors. When products containing PFASs reach their end of life, some end up in waste streams sent to waste-to-energy (WtE) plants. However, the fate of PFASs in WtE processes is largely unknown, as is their potential to enter the environment via ash, gypsum, treated process water, and flue gas. This study forms part of a comprehensive investigation of the occurrence and distribution of PFASs in WtE residues. Sampling was performed during incineration of two different waste mixes: normal municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) and incineration of a waste mix with 5-8 wt % sewage sludge added to the MSWI (referred to as Sludge:MSWI). PFASs were identified in all examined residues, with short-chain (C4-C7) perfluorocarboxylic acids being the most abundant. Total levels of extractable PFASs were higher during Sludge:MSWI than during MSWI, with the total annual release estimated to be 47 and 13 g, respectively. Furthermore, PFASs were detected in flue gas for the first time (4.0-5.6 ng m
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.