ArticleEndocrine2023
Iodine status and its association with prevalence of thyroid diseases in adults from Jiangxi Province, China.
Article in Endocrine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlations between iodine status and the risk of thyroid nodules, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- The myth of iodine: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between iodine and thyroid nodule.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Children Goiter in High Water Iodine Areas of China.Biological trace element research · 2024Pooled it
- Retrospective analysis of thyroid functions and sonographic characteristics of the thyroid gland in a health check-up population in China during 2020-2024.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Serum Thyroid Biomarkers for Diagnosing Malignant Thyroid Nodules: A Machine Learning Approach with External and Causal Validation.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Factors affecting thyroid nodule among coal miners: a prospective nested case-control study in Xinjiang, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Association between triglyceride-glucose index and thyroid nodule: a cross-sectional study in Western Liaoning Province, China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Iodine Excess Is Associated with Thyroid Dysfunction Among the Elderly.Biological trace element research · 2025Observational
- Association of iodized salt intake with the risk of physical frailty in patients with type 2 diabetes.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Article
- Prolonged Exposure to Elevated Iodine Levels in Drinking Water Is Associated With the Occurrence of Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Adults: Findings From a Case-Control Study Conducted in Shandong Province, China.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2025Article
- Relationship between thyroid nodules and iodine nutritional status, thyroglobulin (Tg), and other influencing factors: a 1:1 matched case-control study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association Between Iodine Status and Prevalence of Hypothyroidism, Autoimmune Thyroiditis, and Thyroid Nodule: a Cross-Sectional Study in Shandong Province, China.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based exploration of the associations between multiple minerals' intake and thyroid dysfunction: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- A national survey of iodine nutrition in children aged 3-6 years in China and its relationship with children's physical growth.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Epidemiological exploration of the impact of bluetooth headset usage on thyroid nodules using Shapley additive explanations method.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations of Combined Exposure to Metabolic and Inflammatory Indicators with Thyroid Nodules in Adults: A Nested Case-Control Study.International journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
- Characteristics of blood lipid and metabolic indicators in subclinical hypothyroidism patients: a retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundIodine is an essential element for the biosynthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Both excessive and deficient iodine are major risk factors for thyroid diseases, including thyroid dysfunction, thyroid nodules, and thyroid autoimmunity (TAI). This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between iodine status and the prevalence of thyroid diseases through a national cross-sectional epidemiological survey in Jiangxi province (China).
methodsThis population-based, cross-sectional study enrolled 2636 Chinese local inhabitants who aged over 18 years old from April to August in 2015. Physical examination was performed and biochemical indices, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and TSH level were measured. The Chi-square test, nonparametric test, and 4 multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for risk factors were applied to analysis. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate the relationship between iodine intake level and the prevalence of thyroid diseases.
resultsThe median UIC was 176.4 μg/L, and a significant difference was found in median UIC between men (182.45 μg/L) and women (169.25 μg/L) (P = 0.03). Among these study subjects, 14.4%, 44.5%, 26.1%, and 15.0% had deficient, adequate, more than adequate, and excessive iodine concentrations, respectively. The prevalence rates of hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, and TAI were 0.91%, 0.57%, 0.34% and 7.89%, 9.45%, and 12.7%, respectively. Significant differences were found in iodine status, waist circumstance, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), TSH, thyroid nodules, and TAI between men and women (P < 0.05). Compared with those with adequate UIC, subjects with excessive UIC had higher prevalence rates of thyroid dysfunction (odds ratio (OR) = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40-2.54) and thyroid nodules (OR = 3.33, 95%CI 1.32-8.42). In addition, subjects with deficient and excessive UIC were at the higher risk of TAI compared with those with adequate UIC (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.19-2.60; OR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.04-2.96, respectively). UIC was positively correlated with the prevalence rates of thyroid nodules (r = -0.44, P < 0.01) and TAI (r = -0.055, P < 0.01). On the contrary, UIC was negatively correlated with the risk of thyroid dysfunction (r = -0.24, P > 0.05).
conclusionAdult inhabitants from Jiangxi province in the TIDE study were in the adequate iodine status. Excessive iodine status was noted as a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction and thyroid nodules. In addition, both iodine deficiency and excessive iodine were risk factors for TAI.
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