ArticleNeurology2023
Scoping Review on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Pediatric Disorders of Consciousness.
Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07209657 (A Parallel Mixed Methods Investigation of a Music Interventions in Paediatric Disorders of Consciousness), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Parallel Mixed Methods Investigation of a Music Interventions in Paediatric Disorders of Consciousness (DoC)
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- [Guide for the treatment of acute altered mental status. Iberoamerican Academy of Pediatric Neurology].Revista de neurologia · 2024Guideline
- Randomized clinical trial on the effects of early cognitive interventions for children with acquired brain injury.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- "The Most Difficult Conversations We Have": Resident Experiences With Pediatric Neuroprognostication.Annals of the Child Neurology Society · 2026Article
- Education Research: Learning to Prognosticate: An Educational Needs Assessment with Senior Child Neurology Residents.Neurology. Education · 2026Article
- Disorders of consciousness diagnosis, interventions, and prognostication for the intensivist: Report of the 2025 ISICEM roundtable.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Amantadine Reshapes Brain Oscillatory Dynamics in Pediatric Disorders of Consciousness.Neural plasticity · 2026Article
- Navigating uncertainty following paediatric disorders of consciousness.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Article
- EEG microstate analysis in children with prolonged disorders of consciousness.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Neural Correlates of Consciousness: A Spectral Exponent Approach to Diagnosing Disorders of Consciousness.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Italian Coma Recovery Scale for Pediatrics (CRS-P): Preliminary Validation in a Sample of Young Children with Typical Development.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Detecting cognitive motor dissociation by functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Bedside cerebral microvascular imaging of patients with disorders of consciousness: a feasibility study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- The development and face validity of the music therapy sensory instrument for cognition, consciousness, and awareness (MuSICCA).Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Can artificial intelligence improve the diagnosis and prognosis of disorders of consciousness? A scoping review.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025Review
- Analysis of Prognostic Risk Factors in Children with Disorders of Consciousness Undergoing Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group on Outcomes and Endpoints.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Natural course and predictors of consciousness recovery in children with prolonged disorder of consciousness.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Common Data Element for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group on Therapeutic Interventions.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- Scoping Review on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Pediatric Disorders of Consciousness.Neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Erika MolteniFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. erika.molteni@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-7773-8140
Liane Dos Santos CanasFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-2553-1284
Marie-Michèle BriandFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Anna EstraneoFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-6646-5626
Carolina Colomer FontFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-5200-9985
Rita FormisanoFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-2516-0540
Ekaterina FufaevaFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-7556-0745
Olivia GosseriesFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-9011-7496
Robyn A HowarthFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-1057-680X
Paola LanteriFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-7561-7724
Gimena Inès LicandroFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Wendy L MageeFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-4350-1289
Vigneswaran VeeramuthuFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-2052-0858
Pamela WilsonFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-1705-9012
Tomohiro YamakiFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-3528-3229
Beth S SlomineFrom the School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences (E.M., L.S.S.C.), Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.-M.B.), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Quebec, Canada; IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi (A.E.), Florence, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Italy; NEURORHB-Neuro Rehab Human Brain (C.C.F.), Fundación Hospitales Vithas, Valencia, Spain; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation (R.F.), Rome, Italy; Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) (E.F.), Moscow, Russia; Coma Science Group (O.G.), GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium; Department of Neuropsychology (R.A.H.), Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA; Neurophysiology Unit (P.L.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil CRI CETNA (G.I.L.), Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Boyer College of Music and Dance (W.L.M.), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Subang Jaya Medical Center, Selangor; Division of Clinical Neuropsychology (V.V.), Thompson Hospital Kota Damanasara, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.W.), University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora; Division of Neurosurgery (T.Y.), Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Japan; and Department of Neuropsychology (B.S.S.), Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (B.S.S.), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-8378-0417
as the Special Interest Group on DoC of the International Brain Injury Association (IBIA-DoC SIG)
Funding
Medical Research Council
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesComprehensive guidelines for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of disorders of consciousness (DoC) in pediatric patients have not yet been released. We aimed to summarize available evidence for DoC with >14 days duration to support the future development of guidelines for children, adolescents and young adults aged 6 months-18 years.
methodsThis scoping review was reported based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses-extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A systematic search identified records from 4 databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Abstracts received 3 blind reviews. Corresponding full-text articles rated as "in-scope" and reporting data not published in any other retained article (i.e., no double reporting) were identified and assigned to 5 thematic evaluating teams. Full-text articles were reviewed using a double-blind standardized form. Level of evidence was graded, and summative statements were generated.
resultsOn November 9, 2022, 2,167 documents had been identified; 132 articles were retained, of which 33 (25%) were published over the past 5 years. Overall, 2,161 individuals met the inclusion criteria; female patients were 527 of 1,554 (33.9%) cases included, whose sex was identifiable. Of 132 articles, 57 (43.2%) were single case reports and only 5 (3.8%) clinical trials; the level of evidence was prevalently low (80/132; 60.6%). Most studies included neurobehavioral measures (84/127; 66.1%) and neuroimaging (81/127; 63.8%); 59 (46.5%) were mainly related to diagnosis, 56 (44.1%) to prognosis, and 44 (34.6%) to treatment. Most frequently used neurobehavioral tools included the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, Coma/Near-Coma Scale, Level of Cognitive Functioning Assessment Scale, and Post-Acute Level of Consciousness scale. EEG, event-related potentials, structural CT, and MRI were the most frequently used instrumental techniques. In 29/53 (54.7%) cases, DoC improvement was observed, which was associated with treatment with amantadine. DISCUSSION: The literature on pediatric DoCs is mainly observational, and clinical details are either inconsistently presented or absent. Conclusions drawn from many studies convey insubstantial evidence and have limited validity and low potential for translation in clinical practice. Despite these limitations, our work summarizes the extant literature and constitutes a base for future guidelines related to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of pediatric DoC.
Indexed as
ConsciousnessConsciousness DisordersAdolescentChildComaFemaleHumansPrognosisRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT07209657ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.