ReviewAging and disease2024
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Revisited: Its Mechanism of Generation and Action for Spinal Cord Injury.
Review in Aging and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of p38 MAPK signaling in spinal cord injury by curcumin: targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- M2 polarization of macrophages: Manipulation of spinal cord injury repair.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Extrinsic Regulation of Optic Nerve Axon Regeneration in the Adult Central Nervous System.Cells · 2026Review
- Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sulfated DK4 Derivatives fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- MicroRNAs in Spinal Cord Injury: Molecular and Translational Insights.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Notch Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Molecular Basis of Glia-ECM Interplay in Central Nervous System Homeostasis and Plasticity.Cells · 2026Review
- Retrosplenial cortical reorganization during late adolescence introduces instability of contextual memory circuits.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Glycosaminoglycans in tissue regeneration: Insights into glycobiology and their biomedical application.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Neuro-bone-skin tri-regeneration via a microenvironment-responsive PRP-loaded chitosan hydrogel for traumatic brain injury therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Autologous Neural Stem Cell Encapsulation in CT04-Integrated Fibrin Hydrogel Enhances Tissue Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury in Monkeys.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans in CNS Development and Pathophysiology.Journal of neuroscience research · 2026Review
- Disrupting CSPG-Driven Microglia-Astrocyte Crosstalk Enables Scar-Free Repair in Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances in Bionic Therapies for Targeting Neural Circuit Reconstruction and Integration for Spinal Cord Injury.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- A Review of the Potential Use of Antioxidants in Spinal Cord Injuries.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neutrophils-astrocyte interactions in central nervous system inflammation.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Extracellular Matrix Signaling Cues: Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- Stroke Exacerbates Respiratory Disorder and Cognition Impairment in Mice with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Dual role of complement in neuronal repair.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- UTX/Top2β axis mediated spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells senescence exacerbates spinal cord injury.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes (RAs) produce chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in large quantities after spinal cord injury (SCI) and inhibit axon regeneration through the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway. However, the mechanism of producing CSPGs by RAs and their roles in other aspects are often overlooked. In recent years, novel generation mechanisms and functions of CSPGs have gradually emerged. Extracellular traps (ETs), a new recently discovered phenomenon in SCI, can promote secondary injury. ETs are released by neutrophils and microglia, which activate astrocytes to produce CSPGs after SCI. CSPGs inhibit axon regeneration and play an important role in regulating inflammation as well as cell migration and differentiation; some of these regulations are beneficial. The current review summarized the process of ET-activated RAs to generate CSPGs at the cellular signaling pathway level. Moreover, the roles of CSPGs in inhibiting axon regeneration, regulating inflammation, and regulating cell migration and differentiation were discussed. Finally, based on the above process, novel potential therapeutic targets were proposed to eliminate the adverse effects of CSPGs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.