Observational studyPLoS medicine2023
The association between alcohol consumption and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma according to glycemic status in Korea: A nationwide population-based study.
Observational study in PLoS medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in Southeast Louisiana: a matched case-control study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Lifestyle factors in hepatocellular carcinoma: From pathogenesis to prognosis.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease increases cardiovascular disease risk in young adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Molecular Regulation of Palatogenesis and Clefting: An Integrative Analysis of Genetic, Epigenetic Networks, and Environmental Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Prognostic Value of Des-Gamma-Carboxy Prothrombin in AFP-Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Following Liver Resection:Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- Impact of type 2 diabetes on the risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a nationwide population-based study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- MASLD/MetALD and mortality in individuals with any cardio-metabolic risk factor: A population-based study with 26.7 years of follow-up.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2025Article
- Clonorchis sinensis infection amplifies hepatocellular carcinoma stemness, predicting unfavorable prognosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Machine Learning-Based Nomogram for Predicting Overall Survival in Elderly Patients with Cirrhotic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Ablation Therapy.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAlcohol and diabetes are known risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, it is unclear whether the association between alcohol consumption and HCC risk differs by fasting serum glucose level and diabetes. We investigated the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of HCC according to glycemic status. METHODS AND
findingsThis population-based observational cohort study included patients who underwent general health checkups in 2009 using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database. The primary outcome was HCC incidence, and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to estimate the relationship between alcohol consumption and HCC risk according to glycemic status. A total of 34,321 patients newly diagnosed with HCC were observed in the median follow-up period of 8.3 years. In the multivariable model, we adjusted for age, sex, smoking, regular exercise, income, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and body mass index. Mild-to-moderate alcohol consumption increased the risk of HCC in all glycemic statuses (normoglycemia: hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.10; prediabetes: HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.24; and diabetes: HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.93 to 2.11) compared to normoglycemic nondrinking. Heavy alcohol consumption also increased the risk of HCC in all glycemic statuses (normoglycemia: HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.46; prediabetes: HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.58 to 1.77; and diabetes: HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 3.11 to 3.49) compared to normoglycemic nondrinking. Since alcohol consumption information in this study was based on a self-administered questionnaire, there may be a possibility of underestimation. Although we excluded patients with a history of viral hepatitis using diagnosis codes, we could not obtain information on hepatitis B or hepatitis C serum markers.
conclusionsBoth mild-to-moderate and heavy alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of HCC in all glycemic statuses. The increased risk of HCC according to alcohol consumption was the highest in the diabetes group, suggesting that more intensive alcohol abstinence is required for patients with diabetes.
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