ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 287 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
287 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to standard chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for advanced or recurrent cervical cancer: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors for locoregionally advanced, recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review of phase III randomised controlled trials.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Evolving epidemiology and improving safety of rechallenge in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute kidney injury: an updated meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in combination of locoregional therapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Islet function impairment outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence-guided analysis of the tumor microenvironment predicts response to pembrolizumab in rare tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of first-line sintilimab plus anlotinib versus chemotherapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a phase II, open-label, randomized controlled trial.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Steroid receptor coactivator 3-deficient regulatory T cells eradicate multiple solid tumors in syngeneic mouse models.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in enhancing the efficacy and reducing the toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitorsJournal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in immune checkpoint inhibitor research: A bibliometric analysis of the landscape.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Tislelizumab-induced psoriasis in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factors for immune-related adverse events associated with pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumors.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeting CD6 in solid tumors: safety, early efficacy, and mechanistic insights from a proof-of-concept trial of itolizumab.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- An atypical presentation of Pembrolizumab-induced bullous pemphigoid in a patient with uterine serous carcinoma.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoints in Leukaemia as Gatekeepers of Immuno-Modulation.Immunology · 2026Review
- Spatial Transcriptomics and Mechanisms of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Interstitial Nephritis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Unlocking the potential of microRNA as predictive biomarkers for efficacy and adverse events in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Anti-PD-1 Therapy and Long-Term Toxic Effects Among Patients With Melanoma.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Sex Steroid Hormone Regulation of T-Cell Function and Antitumor Immunity.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
227 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the first Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor was developed, tumor immunotherapy has entered a new era, and the response rate and survival rate of many cancers have also been improved. Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, resistance limits the number of patients who can achieve a lasting response, and immune-related adverse events complicate treatment. The mechanism of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is unclear. We summarize and discuss the mechanisms of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the different types of immune-related adverse events and their possible mechanisms, and describe possible strategies and targets for prevention and therapeutic interventions to mitigate them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.