ArticleOncology research2023
Changes of protein expression during tumorosphere formation of small cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells.
Article in Oncology research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of circulating tumor cells in cholangiocarcinoma via epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and their application.iScience · 2026Article
- Evaluation of progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in small cell lung cancer: a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Tumor- and circulating-free DNA methylation identifies clinically relevant small cell lung cancer subtypes.Cancer cell · 2024Article
- Significance of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is frequently disseminated and has a dismal prognosis with survival times of approximately two years. This cancer responds well to initial chemotherapy but recurs within a short time as a globally chemoresistant tumor. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are held responsible for metastasis, the extremely high numbers of these cells in advanced SCLC allowed us to establish several permanent CTC cell lines. These CTCs are distinguished by the spontaneous formation of large spheroids, termed tumorospheres, in regular tissue culture. These contain quiescent and hypoxic cells in their interior and are associated with high chemoresistance compared to single cell cultures. Nine CTC lines were compared for their expression of 84 proteins associated with cancer either as single cells or in the form of tumorospheres in Western blot arrays. With the exception of the UHGc5 line, all other CTC lines express EpCAM and lack a complete EpCAM-negative, vimentin-positive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Upon formation of tumorospheres the expression of EpCAM, that mediates cell-cell adhesion is markedly upregulated. Proteins such as E-Cadherin, p27 KIP1, Progranulin, BXclx, Galectin-3, and Survivin showed variable changes for the distinct CTC cell lines. In conclusion, EpCAM presents the most critical marker for individual SCLC CTCs and the assembly of highly chemoresistant tumorospheres.
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Registered trials
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