ArticleSpatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology2023
Spatio-temporal model to investigate COVID-19 spread accounting for the mobility amongst municipalities.
Article in Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A scoping review of COVID-19 modelling studies in Belgium 2020-2024: incorporation of behaviour and lessons learned.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- Spatio-Temporal COVID-19 Modeling: A Global Systematic Review of Data Integration, Equity, and Lessons for Pandemic Preparedness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of spatial epidemiological modeling approaches applied during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Capturing the spatiotemporal spread of COVID-19 in 30 European countries during 2020 - 2022.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Spatial Epidemiological Modeling Approaches Applied During the COVID-19 Pandemic.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of epidemiological and Spatiotemporal patterns in seasonal influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- The impact of national and international travel on spatio-temporal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Belgium in 2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The rapid spread of COVID-19 worldwide led to the implementation of various non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit transmission and hence reduce the number of infections. Using telecom-operator-based mobility data and a spatio-temporal dynamic model, the impact of mobility on the evolution of the pandemic at the level of the 581 Belgian municipalities is investigated. By decomposing incidence, particularly into within- and between-municipality components, we noted that the global epidemic component is relatively more important in larger municipalities (e.g., cities), while the local component is more relevant in smaller (rural) municipalities. Investigation of the effect of mobility on the pandemic spread showed that reduction of mobility has a significant impact in reducing the number of new infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.