Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37299742›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Strain FBG-Based Sensor for Detecting Fence Intruders Using Machine Learning and Adaptive Thresholding.

Ahmad Elleathy, Faris Alhumaidan, Mohammed Alqahtani, Ahmed S Almaiman, Amr M Ragheb, Ahmed B Ibrahim, Jameel Ali, Maged A Esmail, Saleh A Alshebeili

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ahmad ElleathyElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
Faris AlhumaidanElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed AlqahtaniElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed S AlmaimanElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9526-8517
Amr M RaghebElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4449-0182
Ahmed B IbrahimKACST-TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics (RFTONICS), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-0485-9117
Jameel AliElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6477-4764
Maged A EsmailSmart Systems Engineering Laboratory, Communications and Networks Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9025-0529
Saleh A AlshebeiliElectrical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4157-9277

Funding

National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 3-17-09-001-0012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper demonstrates an intruder detection system using a strain-based optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG), machine learning (ML), and adaptive thresholding to classify the intruder as no intruder, intruder, or wind at low levels of signal-to-noise ratio. We demonstrate the intruder detection system using a portion of a real fence manufactured and installed around one of the engineering college's gardens at King Saud University. The experimental results show that adaptive thresholding can help improve the performance of machine learning classifiers, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or logistic regression algorithms in identifying an intruder's existence at low optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) scenarios. The proposed method can achieve an average accuracy of 99.17% when the OSNR level is <0.5 dB.

Indexed as

adaptive thresholdingfiber Bragg gratinglinear discriminant analysislogistic regressionmachine learningoptical sensing

Identifiers

PMID37299742
PMCPMC10255305

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.