SynthesisNutrients2023
Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Incidence of Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Use of Preventable Risk Integrated Model on behavioral risk factors: a scoping review and bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of a Low-FODMAP Diet for Coeliac Patients with Persistent IBS-like Symptoms despite a Gluten-Free Diet: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Ultra-processed foods consumption and health-related outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Trial
- Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill.) Tea May Have Cardiometabolic Beneficial Effects in Healthy and At-Risk Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled, Blind, Crossover Trial in Nonhabitual Consumers.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Ultraprocessed food intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Trends in the Prevalence of Foods High in Saturated Fats, Sodium, and Added Sugars among U.S. adults, NHANES 2007-2018.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026Article
- Recognition of Food Processing and Its Association with Consumption Patterns and Nutrient Intake Among Saudi University Students.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Is Independently Associated with Higher HbA1c and Poor Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Food Consumption by Processing Levels in Adults Two or More Years After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Associations with Surgical Outcomes and Eating Behaviors.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- Beyond levothyroxine: a narrative review of adjunctive management strategies for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Gland surgery · 2026Review
- Article
- Ultra-Processed Foods and the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Continuum: Integrating Epidemiological, Multi-Omics, and Translational Evidence.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Ultra-processed food consumption and its association with the atherogenic index of plasma and blood lipid profile in adults: a cohort-based cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Is obesity the missing link? Ultra-processed foods and metabolic and reproductive outcomes: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Nutrition Patterns, Metabolic and Psychological State Among High-Weight Young Adults: A Network Approach.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption, Mental Health, and Quality of Life in Adults: A Systematic Review Protocol.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Habitual salt addition and self-reported cardiometabolic conditions among Saudi university students: a multi-region cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between dietary patterns and sleep quality in Chinese children and adolescents: large-scale cross-sectional network analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Psychopathology in Adults with Co-Occurring Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder and Higher Weight.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2026Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are energy-dense, nutritionally unbalanced products, low in fiber but high in saturated fat, salt, and sugar. Recently, UPF consumption has increased likewise the incidence of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. To highlight a possible relationship, we conducted a systematic review of prospective studies from PubMed and Web of Science investigating the association between UPF consumption and the incidence of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors. Seventeen studies were selected. Eight evaluated the incidence of general and abdominal obesity, one the incidence of impaired fasting blood glucose, four the incidence of diabetes, two the incidence of dyslipidemia, and only one the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Studies' quality was assessed according to the Critical Appraisal Checklist for cohort studies proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Substantial agreement emerged among the studies in defining UPF consumption as being associated with the incident risk of general and abdominal obesity. More limited was the evidence on cardiometabolic risk. Nevertheless, most studies reported that UPF consumption as being associated with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. In conclusion, evidence supports the existence of a relationship between UPF consumption and the incidence of obesity and cardiometabolic risk. However, further longitudinal studies considering diet quality and changes over time are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.