ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Prostaglandins and Cytokines in Humans:
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impacts of supplementation with milk proteins on inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Extended analysis on peripheral blood cytokines correlated with hepatitis B virus viral load in chronically infected patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of 12 Weeks of Chromium,Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Effect of Ibuprofen on Markers of Acute Kidney Injury, Intestinal Injury, and Endotoxemia after Running in the Heat.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025Trial
- Tripartite Interplay of Epithelial, Immune, and Microbiota Dysregulation in Crohn's Disease: Mechanisms and Translational Strategies.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Structure-guided design and synthesis of Etoricoxib analogues for selective COX-2 inhibition: in vitro assessment and computational insights with prospective in vivo confirmation.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Curcumin analogues suppress cellular pro-inflammatory mediators and reduce edema.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives in vulvodynia: From current evidence to future investigations.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Early and Delayed Meloxicam Treatment Against Regulated Cell Death Pathways and ERK1/2 Phosphorylation in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Dynamic effects of radioactive iodine therapy on gut microbiota and metabolites in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activity of aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Role of Papaverine in the Molecular and Biomechanical Mechanisms of Cervical Ripening: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association of the pan-immune-inflammation value with 60-day in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute myocardial infarction: evidence from the MIMIC-IV database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Organic Germanium (Ge-132) Reduces Glycative Damage While Maintaining Cellular Stress Signaling, Revealing Limited Coordination Between Biochemical and Cellular Responses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Protective Effects of Oxytocin on Experimental Colitis: Modulation of Cytokines, Oxidative Stress, and Caspase-3 Activity.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Natural Product Rengyolone Attenuates LPS-Induced Microglia Inflammation via Suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Endogenous Ceramide 24:1 Constrains Th17-Driven Neutrophilic Inflammation by Antagonizing EP2 Signaling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Formulation ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of antiviral activity indicators in selected medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of respiratory viral infections.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammation has been described for two millennia, but cellular aspects and the paradigm involving different mediators have been identified in the recent century. Two main groups of molecules, the prostaglandins (PG) and the cytokines, have been discovered and play a major role in inflammatory processes. The activation of prostaglandins PGE2, PGD2 and PGI2 results in prominent symptoms during cardiovascular and rheumatoid diseases. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory compounds is nowadays a challenge for more targeted therapeutic approaches. The first cytokine was described more than a century ago and is now a part of different families of cytokines (38 interleukins), including the IL-1 and IL-6 families and TNF and TGFβ families. Cytokines can perform a dual role, being growth promotors or inhibitors and having pro- and anti-inflammatory properties. The complex interactions between cytokines, vascular cells and immune cells are responsible for dramatic conditions and lead to the concept of cytokine storm observed during sepsis, multi-organ failure and, recently, in some cases of COVID-19 infection. Cytokines such as interferon and hematopoietic growth factor have been used as therapy. Alternatively, the inhibition of cytokine functions has been largely developed using anti-interleukin or anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of sepsis or chronic inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.