ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2023
Electrodeposited Superhydrophilic-Superhydrophobic Composites for Untethered Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Soft Millirobots.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Magnetically controlled multimodal motion for environmentally adaptive soft millirobots with transformable wheel-leg morphology.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Article
- Acoustic shape-morphing micromachines.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Autonomous Microrobots for Spatiotemporally Active Therapeutic Delivery and Controlled Release.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Micro/nano-robotic medical device: preparation, actuation mechanisms and their applications in medicine.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Hydrogel-Based Continuum Soft Robots.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Magnetic Shaftless Propeller Millirobot with Multimodal Motion for Small-Scale Fluidic Manipulation.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Bioinspired adaptive lipid-integrated bilayer coating for enhancing dynamic water retention in hydrogel-based flexible sensors.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Wearable and Implantable Soft Robots.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- A water strider-inspired intestinal stent actuator for controllable adhesion and unidirectional biofluid picking.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Learning Soft Millirobot Multimodal Locomotion with Sim-to-Real Transfer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Untethered soft actuators for soft standalone robotics.Nature communications · 2024Review
- Single-step precision programming of decoupled multiresponsive soft millirobots.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Melt electrowriting enabled 3D liquid crystal elastomer structures for cross-scale actuators and temperature field sensors.Science advances · 2024Article
- SonoTransformers: Transformable acoustically activated wireless microscale machines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Actuation-enhanced multifunctional sensing and information recognition by magnetic artificial cilia arrays.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Electrodeposited Superhydrophilic-Superhydrophobic Composites for Untethered Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Soft Millirobots.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To navigate in complex and unstructured real-world environments, soft miniature robots need to possess multiple functions, including autonomous environmental sensing, self-adaptation, and multimodal locomotion. However, to achieve multifunctionality, artificial soft robots should respond to multiple stimuli, which can be achieved by multimaterial integration using facile and flexible fabrication methods. Here, a multimaterial integration strategy for fabricating soft millirobots that uses electrodeposition to integrate two inherently non-adherable materials, superhydrophilic hydrogels and superhydrophobic elastomers, together via gel roots is proposed. This approach enables the authors to electrodeposit sodium alginate hydrogel onto a laser-induced graphene-coated elastomer, which can then be laser cut into various shapes to function as multi-stimuli-responsive soft robots (MSRs). Each MSR can respond to six different stimuli to autonomously transform their shapes, and mimic flowers, vines, mimosas, and flytraps. It is demonstrated that MSRs can climb slopes, switch locomotion modes, self-adapt between air-liquid environments, and transport cargo between different environments. This multimaterial integration strategy enables creating untethered soft millirobots that have multifunctionality, such as environmental sensing, self-propulsion, and self-adaptation, paving the way for their future operation in complex real-world environments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.