ArticleJournal of translational medicine2023
Evaluating the distinct pleiotropic effects of omega-3 fatty acids on type 2 diabetes mellitus: a mendelian randomization study.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of probiotic co-supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs on pancreatic beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Triglyceride-glucose index at ICU admission predicts hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome concomitant sepsis: a Bayesian network analysis of retrospective multicenter cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Disentangling the divergent causal pathways underlying the association between body mass index and bone mineral density: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Integrative multi-omics identification and functional validation of potential targets linking metabolism-immune-colorectal cancer causal pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Assessment of causal relationships between omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a brief research report from a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Exploring the causal relationships between rheumatoid arthritis and oral phenotypes: a genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Advances in Research on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Targets and Therapeutic Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundObservational studies and conventional Mendelian randomization (MR) studies showed inconclusive evidence to support the association between omega-3 fatty acids and type 2 diabetes. We aim to evaluate the causal effect of omega-3 fatty acids on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the distinct intermediate phenotypes linking the two.
methodsTwo-sample MR was performed using genetic instruments derived from a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of omega-3 fatty acids (N = 114,999) from UK Biobank and outcome data obtained from a large-scale T2DM GWAS (62,892 cases and 596,424 controls) in European ancestry. MR-Clust was applied to determine clustered genetic instruments of omega-3 fatty acids that influences T2DM. Two-step MR analysis was used to identify potential intermediate phenotypes (e.g. glycemic traits) that linking omega-3 fatty acids with T2DM.
resultsUnivariate MR showed heterogenous effect of omega-3 fatty acids on T2DM. At least two pleiotropic effects between omega-3 fatty acids and T2DM were identified using MR-Clust. For cluster 1 with seven instruments, increasing omega-3 fatty acids reduced T2DM risk (OR: 0.52, 95%CI 0.45-0.59), and decreased HOMA-IR (β = - 0.13, SE = 0.05, P = 0.02). On the contrary, MR analysis using 10 instruments in cluster 2 showed that increasing omega-3 fatty acids increased T2DM risk (OR:1.10; 95%CI 1.06-1.15), and decreased HOMA-B (β = - 0.04, SE = 0.01, P = 4.52 × 10
conclusionsThis study provides evidence to support two distinct pleiotropic effects of omega-3 fatty acids on T2DM risk influenced by different gene clusters, which could be partially explained by distinct effects of omega-3 fatty acids on insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. The pleiotropic feature of omega-3 fatty acids variants and its complex relationships with T2DM need to be carefully considered in future genetic and clinical studies.
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