ArticleEuropean urology2023
Guidelines for Reporting Observational Research in Urology: The Importance of Clear Reference to Causality.
Article in European urology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Conducting observational analyses with the target trial emulation approach: a methodological systematic review.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- Evolving Trends and Perioperative Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Male Stress Urinary Incontinence: Results from the GRAND Study Register.European urology open science · 2026Article
- Impact of the Nadir Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitor-Derived Integrative Response Model in Real-World Patients With Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.The Prostate · 2026Article
- Role of Local Treatment to the Prostate in Patients With de Novo Low-volume Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitors.European urology open science · 2026Article
- Paravertebral and erector spinae plane blocks decrease length of stay compared with local infiltration analgesia in autologous breast reconstruction.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Comment on
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Observational studies often dance around the issue of causality. We propose guidelines to ensure that papers refer to whether or not the study aim is to investigate causality, and suggest language to use and language to avoid.
Indexed as
Identifiers
37286459What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.