ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2023
Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Expression and Co-Variation of HERV-Associated Transcripts, IL-17 Cytokines, and NFκB in Paired Colorectal Cancer Tissues.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Transcriptional landscapes of dengue patients reveal associations between HERV activity and disease severity.NAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Emerging Roles in Pathogenesis, Immunity, Biomarkers and Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Metagenomic analysis of bacterial and viral communities of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
- Alterations of placental HERV expression as a result of gestational COVID-19 disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The relationship between HERVs and exogenous viral infections: A focus on the value of HERVs in disease prediction and treatment.Virulence · 2025Review
- Mucosal Viruses in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Missing Piece of the Puzzle?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Blood parameters differentiate post COVID-19 condition from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Expression of HERV-K and embryonic genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and their association with therapy regimens.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Activation of Evolutionarily Young Endogenous Retroviruses Is Implicated in COVID-19 Immunopathology.Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms · 2025Article
- Interaction of HERVs with PAMPs in Dysregulation of Immune Response Cascade Upon SARS-CoV-2 Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Human endogenous retroviruses and exogenous viral infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Fullerenol CInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Exosomes and SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Identification and characterization of endogenous retroviruses upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Does the interplay between human endogenous retrovirus K and extracellular vesicles contribute to aging?Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Preliminary Evidence of the Differential Expression of Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Kawasaki Disease and SARS-CoV-2-Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Our research group and others demonstrated the implication of the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association with disease progression, suggesting HERVs as contributing factors in COVID-19 immunopathology. To identify early predictive biomarkers of the COVID-19 severity, we analyzed the expression of HERVs and inflammatory mediators in SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs with respect to biochemical parameters and clinical outcome. Methods: Residuals of swab samples (20 SARS-CoV-2-negative and 43 SARS-CoV-2-positive) were collected during the first wave of the pandemic and expression levels of HERVs and inflammatory mediators were analyzed by qRT-Real time PCR. Results: The results obtained show that infection with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a general increase in the expression of HERVs and mediators of the immune response. In particular, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased expression of HERV-K and HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, INF-γ, TLR-3, and TLR-7, while lower levels of IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-β, and TLR-4 were found in individuals who underwent hospitalization. Moreover, higher expression of HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-β reflected the respiratory outcome of patients during hospitalization. Interestingly, a machine learning model was able to classify hospitalized Discussion: Overall, the present results suggest HERVs as contributing elements in COVID-19 and early genomic biomarkers to predict COVID-19 severity and disease outcome.
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