ArticleBMJ open2023
Clinical and economic impact of adverse drug reactions in hospitalised patients: prospective matched nested case-control study in Ethiopia.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse Drug Reaction Costs and Study Quality in Africa: A Systematic Review of Cost-of-Illness Studies.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Pooled it
- Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2024Pooled it
- Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis:Saudi medical journal · 2026Observational
- Assessment of drug-related problems and associated factors among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Dailekh, Nepal: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of adverse drug reactions reported at a teaching hospital in 2023-24.Journal of postgraduate medicine · 2026Observational
- Self-Medication with NSAIDs in Gondar city: prevalence, predictors, and public health implications.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Application of global trigger tool to determine the prevalence of adverse drug reactions in adult patients admitted to general and COVID-19 intensive care units.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Pharmacovigilance processes in low- and middle-income countries: moving from data collection to data analysis and interpretation.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2025Article
- Pharmacotherapy variability and precision medicine in neurocritical care.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Article
- Exploring the factors influencing the health-related quality of life in patients experiencing adverse drug reactions: a cross-sectional study.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2024Article
- Awareness, knowledge, attitude, and practice of adverse drug reaction reporting among health workers in primary health centres participating in seasonal malaria chemoprevention campaign in Nigeria in 2022: a cross-sectional survey.BMC health services research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients admitted to the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH). DESIGN AND
settingA prospective nested case-control study was conducted at the UoGCSH among admitted adult patients with (cases) and without ADRs (controls) between May and October 2022.
participantsAll eligible adult patients admitted in the medical ward of the UoGCSH during the study period were included in this study.
main outcome measuresThe outcome variables were the clinical and economic outcomes. Length of hospital stay, visits to intensive care units (ICU) and in-hospital mortality were used to measure and compare clinical outcomes in patients with and without ADRs. The economic outcome was also assessed using direct medical-related costs and compared for the two groups. Paired samples t-test and McNemar tests were used to compare measurable outcomes between the two groups. A p value <0.05 at the 95% CI was considered statistically significant.
resultsOut of a total of 214 eligible enrolled patients, 206 (103 with and 103 without ADRs) with a 96.3% response rate were included in the cohort. The length of hospital stay was much longer in patients with ADRs than without ADRs (19.8 vs 15.2 days, p<0.001). Similarly, ICU visits (11.2% vs 6.8%, p<0.001) and in-hospital mortality (4.4% vs 1.9%, p=0.012) were significantly higher in patients with ADRs compared with those without ADRs. Patients with ADRs were significantly charged with higher direct medical costs compared with those without ADRs (6237.2 vs 5256.3 Ethiopian birr; p<0.001).
conclusionThis study concluded that ADRs had a significant impact on patients' clinical and medical costs. Healthcare providers should strictly follow the patients to minimise ADR-related clinical and economic adverse outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.