ArticleStructure (London, England : 1993)2023
Epitope topography of agonist antibodies to the checkpoint inhibitory receptor BTLA.
Article in Structure (London, England : 1993), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Immunogenicity of a BTLA Agonist Antibody (Venanprubart) in Healthy Participants, Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Patients with Psoriasis: Results From Three Phase 1 Studies.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2026Trial
- Realizing the potential of agonistic antibody immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- PD-1, BTLA and TIGIT as therapeutic targets for rheumatic disease.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Quantitative detection of the HVEM-BTLA checkpoint receptor cis-complex in human lymphocytes.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Targeting B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator Regulates Lupus Disease Development in NZB/W Mice.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Small molecules from antibody pharmacophores (SMAbPs) as a hit identification workflow for immune checkpoints.Science advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an attractive target for a new class of therapeutics that attempt to rebalance the immune system by agonizing checkpoint inhibitory receptors (CIRs). Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) binds BTLA in both trans- and cis-orientations. We report here the development and structural characterization of three humanized BTLA agonist antibodies, 22B3, 25F7, and 23C8. We determined the crystal structures of the antibody-BTLA complexes, showing that these antibodies bind distinct and non-overlapping epitopes of BTLA. While all three antibodies activate BTLA, 22B3 mimics HVEM binding to BTLA and shows the strongest agonistic activity in functional cell assays and in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis. 22B3 is also capable of modulating HVEM signaling through the BTLA-HVEM cis-interaction. The data obtained from crystal structures, biochemical assays, and functional studies provide a mechanistic model of HVEM and BTLA organization on the cell surface and informed the discovery of a highly active BTLA agonist.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.