ReviewEmerging microbes & infections2023
SARS-CoV-2 detection and inactivation in water and wastewater: review on analytical methods, limitations and future research recommendations.
Review in Emerging microbes & infections, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Toward a quality-managed operational architecture for wastewater surveillance of zoonotic and emerging pathogens.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Wastewater-Based Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for Early Warning of COVID-19 Infection Dynamics.Viruses · 2026Article
- Environmental and microbial factors shaping SARS-CoV-2 RNA decay in wastewater: insights from batch tests and a lab-scale sewer pipeline simulator.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Peptide Probe-Based NanoLC-MS/MS PRM for Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins in Environmental Samples.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Integrated monitoring of enveloped viruses in hospital environments: Detection, persistence, and implications for infection control.PloS one · 2026Article
- Long-term biological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in critical points for municipal sewage catchment in light of wastewater-based epidemiology, public health and environmental hygiene.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and five Omicron sublineages in companion cats and dogs in the USA: insights into their role in COVID-19 epidemiology.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- A 1-year study on SARS-CoV-2 variant shifts in wastewater using dPCR: comparison with clinical and GISAID data.mSystems · 2025Article
- Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 Dissemination in Wastewater and Virus Isolation in Cell Cultures: An Integrated Approach for Pathogen Detection and Surveillance.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Variabilities in N2 and E Gene Concentrations in a SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Multiplex Assay.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Bangkok wastewater treatment plants and estimating infected population after fully opening the country in 2023, Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Protein Nanoparticles for Targeted SARS-CoV-2 Trapping and Neutralization.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Evaluating Interlaboratory Variability in Wastewater-Based COVID-19 Surveillance.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater as an earlier predictor of COVID-19 epidemic peaks in Venezuela.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Combining Short- and Long-Read Sequencing Technologies to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Wastewater.Viruses · 2024Article
- Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Zambia: An Early Warning Tool.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- EU surveys insights: analytical tools, future directions, and the essential requirement for reference materials in wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2, antimicrobial resistance and beyond.Human genomics · 2024Article
- Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Viral Surveillance from an Endemic Perspective: Evidence and Challenges.Viruses · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in wastewater. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a practical and cost-effective tool for the assessment and controlling of pandemics and probably for examining SARS-CoV-2 presence. Implementation of WBE during the outbreaks is not without limitations. Temperature, suspended solids, pH, and disinfectants affect the stability of viruses in wastewater. Due to these limitations, instruments and techniques have been utilized to detect SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in sewage using various concentration methods and computer-aided analyzes. RT-qPCR, ddRT-PCR, multiplex PCR, RT-LAMP, and electrochemical immunosensors have been employed to detect low levels of viral contamination. Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial preventive measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To better assess the role of wastewater as a transmission route, detection, and quantification methods need to be refined. In this paper, the latest improvements in quantification, detection, and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater are explained. Finally, limitations and future research recommendations are thoroughly described.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.