ArticleBMC pediatrics2023
Foot deformity and quality of life among independently ambulating children with spina bifida in South Korea.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation analysis of surgical outcomes and preoperative psychological status in adolescents with polydactyly/syndactyly.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- Characterization of Orthopaedic Indications Among Patients Undergoing Tethered Cord Release.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2025Article
- Clinical profile of Korean children with spina bifida: a single-center prospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildren with spina bifida (SB) may have congenital or acquired foot deformities due to neurological defects in the spinal cord. As the musculoskeletal system keeps growing, foot deformities can develop or become aggravated. Thus, healthcare providers should provide constant monitoring and proper orthopedic management. Since foot deformities can affect not only the gait but also the daily life of children with SB, it is necessary to investigate the impact of foot deformities on everyday life. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between foot deformity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among independently ambulating children with SB.
methodsThis cross-sectional study examined the associations between foot deformity and HRQoL using two patient-reported outcome measures (Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire, Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument) in 93 children with SB aged 7-18 years between January 2020 and July 2021.
resultsChildren with foot deformity (n = 54) reported lower scores in all subscales (physical, school and play, emotional, and footwear) of the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for children than those without foot deformity (n = 39; p < 0.001). Additionally, in terms of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument, children with foot deformity also reported poorer scores in four subscales (transfer and basic mobility, sports and physical functioning, comfort and pain, happiness with physical functioning; p < 0.001) than those without foot deformity, whereas upper extremity functioning was not significantly affected. Children with foot deformities, particularly those with bilateral foot deformities, equinus deformities, or mixed deformities, which are different types of right and left foot deformities, have a lower perceived HRQoL (p < 0.05).
conclusionsAmong independently ambulating children with SB, those with foot deformities showed lower HRQoL. Moreover, children with foot deformities tend to have other clinical problems, including bladder and bowel dysfunction. Therefore, orthopedic management should consider the multifaceted factors that affect children's daily life and HRQoL.
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