ArticleIndustrial psychiatry journal
Comparative efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as an augmentation strategy versus pharmacological augmentation in non-psychotic, unipolar, treatment-resistant depression: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in Industrial psychiatry journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research on treatment-related aspects of depression from India in the preceding decade (2014-2023): An updated systematic review.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Depression causes significant morbidity, disability and mortality, along with socioeconomic losses. Patients with depression who don't remit even with the second trial of anti-depressants need optimization, combination or augmentation strategies. Pharmacological strategies sometimes have unacceptable adverse effects. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with that of pharmacological augmentation strategies in unipolar non-psychotic treatment-resistant depression. Method: This is a randomized controlled trial. Subjects: Cases of unipolar, non-psychotic, treatment-resistant depression between ages 20 and 60 years were taken. Period of Study: The study period was from November 2016 to May 2018. Randomization: Cases diagnosed as per ICD-10 criteria by a qualified psychiatrist. Cases of treatment-resistant depression (100) were divided into two arms by using a random number generator: rTMS arm and treatment as usual (TAU) arm. Intervention: HF-rTMS to left DLPFC (rTMS group) and pharmacological augmentation with lithium, serotonin-dopamine antagonist, buspirone or thyroxine. Results: In the rTMS arm, 44 patients and in TAU arm 41 completed the study. After 4 weeks of treatment augmentation, rTMS and TAU groups showed response rates of 52% and 46%, respectively. The difference between the two groups in terms of number of responders at the end of 4 weeks is not statistically significant. Additionally, factors associated with good response to rTMS were absence of a family history of psychiatric illness, no concomitant psychoactive substance use, being first episode of depression and mild-moderate severity of illness. Conclusion: The study did not find rTMS augmentation to be significantly better than standard pharmacological augmentation therapies.
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