ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2023
Optimization and Deoptimization of Codons in SARS-CoV-2 and Related Implications for Vaccine Development.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- ATG13 promotes K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS via ASB1 to restrict influenza A virus replication.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- A protocol for computational design of mRNA vaccines with high functionality and specificity.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Review
- Temporal and gene-specific dynamics of codon usage evolution in SARS-CoV-2 genomes.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Codon Reprogramming Enables a Multifactorially Attenuated Influenza Vaccine with Broad Cross-Protection.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- mRNA Vaccine Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype IV Protects Against Lethal Infection.Viruses · 2026Article
- Immune Suppression, Preexisting Immunity, and Mutation Tendency Shaped SARS-CoV-2 Evolution in Persistent Infection.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- What Has SARS-CoV-2 Taught Us About Evolution?Cureus · 2025Review
- Article
- From genetic code to global health: the impact of nucleic acid vaccines on disease prevention and treatment.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Enhancing mRNA translation efficiency by introducing sequence optimized AU-rich elements in 3' UTR via HuR anchorage.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Is SARS-CoV-2 facing constraints in its adaptive evolution?Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Self-Amplifying RNA: Advantages and Challenges of a Versatile Platform for Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2025Review
- Beginning of a new era of synthetic messenger RNA therapeutics: Comprehensive insights on mRNA drug design, development and applications.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Displays a Suboptimal Codon Usage Bias for Efficient Translation in Human Cells Diverted by Hijacking the tRNA Epitranscriptome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Mouse embryo CoCoPUTs: novel murine transcriptomic-weighted usage website featuring multiple strains, tissues, and stages.BMC bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Molecular Evolution of Protein Sequences and Codon Usage in Monkeypox Viruses.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Synthetic biology approach revealed enhancement in haeme oxygenase-1 gene expression by codon pair optimization while reduction by codon deoptimization.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Codon-optimization in gene therapy: promises, prospects and challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has progressed into a global pandemic. To date, thousands of genetic variants have been identified among SARS-CoV-2 isolates collected from patients. Sequence analysis reveals that the codon adaptation index (CAI) values of viral sequences have decreased over time but with occasional fluctuations. Through evolution modeling, it is found that this phenomenon may result from the virus's mutation preference during transmission. Using dual-luciferase assays, it is further discovered that the deoptimization of codons in the viral sequence may weaken protein expression during virus evolution, indicating that codon usage may play an important role in virus fitness. Finally, given the importance of codon usage in protein expression and particularly for mRNA vaccines, it is designed several codon-optimized Omicron BA.2.12.1, BA.4/5, and XBB.1.5 spike mRNA vaccine candidates and experimentally validated their high levels of expression. This study highlights the importance of codon usage in virus evolution and provides guidelines for codon optimization in mRNA and DNA vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.