ArticlePloS one2023
Reinterpretation of anthocyanins biosynthesis in developing black rice seeds through gene expression analysis.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and Functional Characterization of Anthocyanidin 3-O-Glucosyltransferases OsA3GT1 and OsA3GT2 in Black Rice.Rice (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis by the MYB-bHLH-WDR (MBW) Complex in Plants and Its Specific Features in Cereals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Transcriptome Screening of Long Noncoding RNAs and Their Target Protein-Coding Genes Unmasks a Dynamic Portrait of Seed Coat Coloration Associated with Anthocyanins in Tibetan Hulless Barley.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effect of flavonoids on flower color variation inFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biosynthesis of anthocyanins is still questionable in regulating the quantities of anthocyanins biosynthesized in rice seeds and the expression levels of transcription factors and the structural genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins. We herein investigated the relationship between the accumulated anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of genes related to the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in rice seeds. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry analysis of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) in rice seeds showed no accumulation of C3G in white and red rice cultivars, and the differential accumulation of C3G among black rice cultivars. RNA-seq analysis in rice seeds, including white, red, and black rice cultivars, at twenty days after heading (DAH) further exhibited that the genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins were differentially upregulated in developing seeds of black rice. We further verified these RNA-seq results through gene expression analysis by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in developing seeds of white, red, and black rice cultivars at 20 DAH. Of these genes related to the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, bHLHs, MYBs, and WD40, which are regulators, and the structural genes, including chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3´-hydroxylase (F3´H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), were differentially upregulated in black rice seeds. The correlation analysis revealed that the quantities of C3G biosynthesized in black rice seeds were positively correlated to the expression levels of bHLHs, MYBs and WD40, CHS, F3H, F3´H, DFR, and ANS. In addition, we present bHLH2 (LOC_Os04g47040) and MYBs (LOC_Os01g49160, LOC_Os01g74410, and LOC_Os03g29614) as new putative transcription factor genes for the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in black rice seeds. It is expected that this study will help to improve the understanding of the molecular levels involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in black rice seeds.
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