ArticleeLife2023
Comprehensive characterization of tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer via molecular analysis.
Article in eLife, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- INHBB Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Inducing CD8Cancer science · 2026Article
- Research Progress on Natural Polysaccharide Hydrogels in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Integrative single-cell RNA-seq and transcriptomic analysis uncovers cellular heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance mechanisms in colorectal cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Deep learning-driven recognition of panoramic tumor microenvironment features in H&E sections and its application.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Reinvigorating CD8Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Review of Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer: From Mechanisms to Nursing Interventions.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- Engineering spherical nucleic acids for precision cancer therapy: design strategies and medical applications.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Colorectal cancer organoids: a developmental trajectory from Matrigel embedding to AI-empowered precision medicine.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Applications and development of in situ nucleic acid visualization techniques.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- CD45⁺ hybrid circulating cells may reflect tumor-immune interactions and serve as transcriptomic indicators of metastatic potential in prostate cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Multi-Omics for Predicting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response and Resistance.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- Integrative Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals the Crosstalk of CTHRC1+ CAF and MMP7+ Epithelial Axis as a Potential Therapeutic Target and Predicts Poor Clinical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Navigating the Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Liver Metastasis: Barriers to Therapy and Emerging Opportunities.Oncology research · 2026Review
- The role of NADFrontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Smad7 is a negative regulator of immunogenic cell death in colorectal cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals the role of tumor-infiltrating CD4BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Pathology-interpretable radiomic model for predicting clinical outcome in patients with osteosarcoma: a retrospective, multicenter study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Multidimensional decoding of colorectal cancer heterogeneity: Artificial intelligence-enabled precision exploration of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Molecular subtype of recurrent implantation failure reveals distinct endometrial etiology of female infertility.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Precision oncolytic viral therapy in colorectal cancer: Genetic targeting and immune modulation for personalized treatment (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a challenging and deadly disease with high tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity. Using an integrative multi-omics analysis and artificial intelligence-enabled spatial analysis of whole-slide images, we performed a comprehensive characterization of TME in colorectal cancer (CCCRC). CRC samples were classified into four CCCRC subtypes with distinct TME features, namely, C1 as the proliferative subtype with low immunogenicity; C2 as the immunosuppressed subtype with the terminally exhausted immune characteristics; C3 as the immune-excluded subtype with the distinct upregulation of stromal components and a lack of T cell infiltration in the tumor core; and C4 as the immunomodulatory subtype with the remarkable upregulation of anti-tumor immune components. The four CCCRC subtypes had distinct histopathologic and molecular characteristics, therapeutic efficacy, and prognosis. We found that the C1 subtype may be suitable for chemotherapy and cetuximab, the C2 subtype may benefit from a combination of chemotherapy and bevacizumab, the C3 subtype has increased sensitivity to the WNT pathway inhibitor WIKI4, and the C4 subtype is a potential candidate for immune checkpoint blockade treatment. Importantly, we established a simple gene classifier for accurate identification of each CCCRC subtype. Collectively our integrative analysis ultimately established a holistic framework to thoroughly dissect the TME of CRC, and the CCCRC classification system with high biological interpretability may contribute to biomarker discovery and future clinical trial design.
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