ArticleeLife2023
Phage tRNAs evade tRNA-targeting host defenses through anticodon loop mutations.
Article in eLife, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Revisiting the life cycle of temperate phages.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- A type VI secretion ADP-ribosyltransferase Rhs toxin selectively modifies charged tRNAThr(GGU) anticodon loops to block ACC codon decoding.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Firewalled synthetic commensal blocks horizontal gene transfer in the gut.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- WaaL-WaaP receptor cross-talk drives phage-induced collateral sensitivity to colistin in Salmonella Pullorum.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Characterization of a Novel Broad-Host-Range LyticAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genomic and phenotypic characterization of novel jumbo and small bacteriophages infectingMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Structural and functional characterization of VapBC52 toxin-antitoxin system from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Bacterial Schlafen proteins mediate phage defence.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- A comprehensive computational analysis investigating the relationships between phage codon usage, infection style, and number of tRNA genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Structure and mechanism of antiphage retron Eco2.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Giant linear plasmids in Mycobacterium avium harbour a tRNA array unit.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2026Article
- Complete Genome Sequence of the Subcluster C1 Mycobacteriophage LordLeafolot.microPublication biology · 2026Article
- Boreal and subarctic freshwaters harbour a diversity of jumbophages.ISME communications · 2026Article
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- Genomic, Evolutionary and Phenotypic Insights intoViruses · 2025Article
- Structural mechanism of the Retron-Eco7 anti-phage defense system.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in bacteriophage genomes are widespread across bacterial host genera, but their exact function has remained unclear for more than 50 years. Several hypotheses have been proposed, and the most widely accepted one is codon compensation, which suggests that phages encode tRNAs that supplement codons that are less frequently used by the host. Here, we combine several observations and propose a new hypothesis that phage-encoded tRNAs counteract the tRNA-depleting strategies of the host using enzymes such as VapC, PrrC, Colicin D, and Colicin E5 to defend from viral infection. Based on mutational patterns of anticodon loops of tRNAs encoded by phages, we predict that these tRNAs are insensitive to host tRNAses. For phage-encoded tRNAs targeted in the anticodon itself, we observe that phages typically avoid encoding these tRNAs, further supporting the hypothesis that phage tRNAs are selected to be insensitive to host anticodon nucleases. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that phage-encoded tRNAs have evolved to be insensitive to host anticodon nucleases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.